Course Profile   English for School and Work, Level 3, Open, Public

 

Unit 2:  Canadian Dreams and Realities

Time:  25 hours

 

Activity 1 | Activity 2 | Activity 3

Unit Description

After reading an essay about Canada as a land of dreams, students consider the dreams that brought them and their families to Canada and use this as a basis for a collage or Venn diagram. From this essay, current issues in Canadian society are identified. Students discover the historical and geographical basis for these issues. Students gather information in a variety of graphic organizers and search newspapers and the Internet to discover how these issues impact life in Canada today. This information forms the basis for the culminating activity, a group presentation. The language emphasis of the unit is on modal verbs, letter writing, and the present perfect.

Unit Synopsis Chart

Activity

Expectations

Assessment

Focus/Tasks

1. Grounding Your Dreams in Reality

 

 

6 hours

COR1.04, COR1.05, CREV.03, CRE1.02, CRE1.04, CRE2.02, CRE3.03, CWRV.03, CWR1.04, CWR2.01, CWR2.03, CWR2.04, CWR2.05, CWR3.01, CWR3.02, CWR3.07, CWR3.08, CSC1.04, CSC2.06

Formative:

- ability to work in groups (C)

- collage/Venn diagram (T/I)

- vocabulary (K/U) reading comprehension (K/U) understanding point of view (K/U)

Summative: activities assessed

- letter to a friend
(K/U, T/I., C, A)

Focus: Group work, reading and Portfolio Assignment

Tasks

·         collage/Venn diagram

·         reading comprehension

·         vocabulary study

·         modals

·         third portfolio entry: letter to a friend giving thoughts and advise about Canada

2. Understanding Canadian Issues

 

 

14 hours

CORV.04, COR1.04, COR1.05, COR4.01, COR4.03, CREV.02, CREV.03, CRE2.01, CRE3.01, CRE3.03, CRE4.02, CRE4.03, CWRV.03, CWR3.01, CWR3.02, CSCV.01, CSC1.01, CSC1.03, CSC1.04, CSC2.04, CSC2.05

Formative:

- reading comprehension (K/U)

- graphic organizers (K/U)

Summative: activities assessed

- ability to work in groups (C, A)

- “wh” questions and answers on media articles (T/I, C)

- linked sentence answers to questions
(T/I, C, A)

- Media Watch
(T/I, C)

Focus: Developing critical reading and thinking skills through the study of Canadian Issues both past and present

·         read information about Canadian issues and complete comprehension exercises

·         complete graphic organizers

·         search media for current articles on identified issues

·         compile a scrapbook

3. Talking To Canadians

 

 

5 hours

CORV.01, CORV.02, COR1.02, COR1.04, COR1.06, COR2.01, COR2.02, CWRV.03, CWR1.02, CWR3.02, CSCV.01, CSC1.01, CSC1.03

Summative:

oral presentation
(K/U, T/I, C, A)

Focus: Dialogue writing and oral presentation

Tasks

·         dialogue writing

·         oral presentation

 

Activity 1:  Grounding Dreams in Reality

Time:  360 minutes

Description

Students prepare group collages or Venn diagrams which reflect on the visions/ideas that they had about Canada before they came and the realities of life in Canada. Students read and discuss an essay about Canada as a land of dreams and complete comprehension and vocabulary exercises on it. Using examples from the essay, students learn the meanings of various modal verbs and use these to write a letter of advice to a friend. They include this letter in their Autobiographical Portfolio.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Oral and Visual Communications

Oral and Visual

COR1.04 - participate in group work, cooperative games and team work;

COR1.05 - use a variety of strategies to participate in small group discussions (e.g., ask questions to clarify a point; elaborate and or modify statements to find a basis for agreement).

Reading

CREV.03 - read for specific purposes with teacher guidance;

CRE1.02 - identify a reader’s or character’s point of view in short novels;

CRE2.02 - use dictionaries and a thesaurus to build vocabulary;

CRE3.03 - demonstrate comprehension of passages containing complex verb forms, with teacher guidance (e.g., sections of grade-level texts containing the past-perfect tense, passive verbs, or conditional structures).

Writing

CWRV.03 - arrange ideas in logical order and present them in linked sentences and simple paragraphs;

CWR1.04 - write personal and business letters, using appropriate conventions for salutations and closings;

CWR2.01 - revise first drafts to clarify ideas and improve organization;

CWR2.02 - link simple paragraphs about a central idea, using common transition words (e.g., first, next, than, both) to indicate relationships such as sequence of events or points of comparison;

CWR2.03 - edit their own writing with attention to specific language features identified by the teacher e.g., tense consistency, subject-verb agreement, use of articles;

CWR2.04 - use word-processing software to compose and edit their writing;

CWR2.05 - use graphics software to format and embellish their writing;

CWR3.01 - use a variety of simple, compound, and complex sentences in their writing;

CWR3.02 - use appropriately, and with some accuracy, common tenses, and verb phrases, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions of directions and time, and interrogative and negative constructions;

CWR3.08 - use some visual features of text for emphasis e.g., italics, boldface and underlining;

Social and Cultural Competence

CSC1.04 - initiate and participate in conversations about current events and issues;

CSC2.06 - use first languages appropriately in classroom and social situations (e.g., to clarify a term or concept; to provide assistance to newly arrived students).

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Ability to work in groups

·         Knowledge of the format of a friendly letter

·         Knowledge of sentence structure

Planning Notes

·         For the collage assignment, obtain a supply of magazines, bristol board, glue, markers, etc., for student use. Alternatively, review/teach the Venn diagram.

·         Be sensitive to the fact that some students may not have come to Canada out of choice and may not have had dreams about coming to Canada.

·         Obtain a copy of an essay about new immigrants’ dreams, such as Bring Your Dreams to Canada, But Not Old Feuds.

·         Prepare a vocabulary exercise for Bring Your Dreams to Canada, But Not Old Feuds or an essay of your choice. See Unit 1 for an example.

·         Prepare an overhead with examples of imperative sentences from the chosen essay. For example: Bring your dreams. Love your old country. Get involved. Love Canada more. Travel. On the same overhead modify these sentences using modals. For example: You should love your old country. You might love Canada more. You may bring your dreams. You can get involved. You must leave behind old feuds. You could travel. This activity should only use modals followed by the simple form of the verb. When followed by other verb forms, the meanings of the modals change.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   To focus students on the dreams they had for their life in Canada, have students individually answer the following questions in point form. Allow about 5 minutes for students to complete this activity.

·         Where were you when you were told you were immigrating to Canada?

·         Who told you?

·         How did you feel?

·         Was it a surprise or had you been part of the plans?

·         How did the other members of your family feel about coming to Canada?

·         What were your first thoughts about Canada when you heard the news?

·         What did other people in your country tell you about Canada?

·         How did you picture your social life?

·         How did your friends react to the news that you were immigrating to Canada?

·         How did you imagine Canada would look?

·         What did you think school would be like?

·         What did you think your new home would be like?

·         What did you think you would miss the most?

2.   Students share their responses with a partner. Join two pairs of students to form groups of four. In this group of four, students first share their answers to the questions above and then complete the following collage assignment.

3.   Instruct students to create a group collage or Venn diagram. Collage: The first section depicts the visions/thoughts they had of Canada before they arrived and the second depicts the realities of Canadian life. Some areas that they could consider for their collage include: weather, housing, cityscape/countryside, people, school, fashion, music, jobs, social life, sports, environment. As students prepare their collages, circulate around the room to assist and to observe group interaction.

Venn diagram: In the first circle students write words or phrases that depict the thoughts and visions they had of Canada before their arrival. In the second circle students write words and phrases that depict the realities of life in Canada since their arrival. The central, overlapping part of the diagram would represent thoughts and visions that have not changed.

4.   Post student diagrams/collages at different points around the classroom. Form new groups of students, each of which has one member of each of the former groups. (jigsaw groups). In their new groups students circulate. At each collage or diagram the person who worked on that collage explains the images to the rest of the group. Assess collage formatively for creativity and depth of thought.

5.   As a prereading activity, students complete a teacher prepared exercise on the vocabulary from the article, Bring Your Dreams to Canada, But Not Old Feuds or another similar essay. Read the essay to the class. Discuss and clarify the meaning of the essay. Relate the issues in the essay to the collages that the students have just completed.

6.   Ask students to reread the article independently and answer comprehension questions in complete sentences. These questions further develop students’ understanding of the essay. Take up responses as a check for understanding.

7.   Ask students for examples of the imperative and when and why the imperative is used. Ask students to find examples of the imperative in essay. Explain how the author uses this structure to express his point of view.

8.   Explain to students that there is more than one way to give instruction and offer suggestions. Display the teacher prepared overhead with modal sentences and discuss with students the differences between these sentences. Explain that, when followed by the simple form of a verb, “should” is used to give advice, “can/could” is used to make suggestions, “may/might” is used to express possibility, and “must” is used to express necessity.

9.   Review/teach elements of the personal letter. Students write a letter, using modals, to a friend who is considering immigration to Canada. In this letter students offer their thoughts on their new country and give advice and suggestions to the potential immigrant. Students edit, word process, and submit their letters for marking. Include this letter as the third entry in the Autobiographical Portfolio. Assess letter for correct use of letter format, use of modals, content, variety of sentence structure, use of computer software and graphics.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Formatively assess ability to work in groups. COR1.04, COR1.05

·         Formatively assess collage or Venn diagram for creativity and depth and breadth of ideas. CWR2.01

·         Through classroom discussion, formatively assess students’ understanding of the article and of the author’s point of view. CRE1.02, CRE3.03

·         The personal letter in this activity is part of the Autobiographical Portfolio. Summatively assess student letters for knowledge of letter format and correct use of modals, quality of content and ideas, variety of sentence structure, use of computer software and graphics CWR1.04, CWR2.05, CWR2.04, CWR2.03, CWR2.01, CWR3.01, CWR3.02, CWR3.08

Accommodations

·         Provide additional exercises to practise the use of modal verbs.

·         Students e-mail their letters to friends and ask for responses to their letters.

·         Students make an outline for their letter with a partner.

Resources

Azar Shrampfer, B. Fundamentals of English Grammar. Toronto: Prentice Hall Canada, 1992.
ISBN 0-13-338278-8

Blanchard, K. and C. Root. Ready to Write. Toronto: Addison-Wesley, 1994. ISBN 0-201-85999-8

Fuchs, M. and M. Westheimer. Focus on Grammar-Intermediate. Toronto: Addison-Wesley, 1994.
ISBN 0-201-65685-X

Pollock, C. Communicate What You Mean. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 1982.

Porter, J. Voices Past and Present. Toronto: Wall and Emerson, 2000. ISBN 1-895131-19-7
Contains the essay “Bring Your Dreams to Canada, But Not Old Feuds”

 

Activity 2:  Understanding Canadian Issues

Time:  840 minutes

Description

Students use an article about the dreams of immigrants to identify current Canadian issues and learn the present perfect tense. Students focus on three current Canadian issues that have roots in the past. They compile a “Canadian Scrapbook” in which they record information that they gather about these issues. For each issue, students explore the historical basis, find and read current articles in print or electronic media, consider the benefits and challenges that these issues present to Canada, and reflect on the impact of these issues on their own lives.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Oral and Visual

CORV.04 - create and analyse a variety of media works;

COR1.04 - participate in group work, cooperative games, and team work;

COR1.05 - use a variety of strategies to participate in small group discussions (e.g., ask questions to clarify a point; elaborate and/or modify statements to find a basis for agreement);

COR4.01 - respond through discussion to a variety of media words;

COR4.03 - compare information about current events and issues from more than one media source (e.g., television and newspaper accounts of the same event).

Reading

CREV.02 - demonstrate knowledge of subject-specific terms;

CREV.03 - read for specific purposes with teacher guidance;

CRE2.01 - demonstrate knowledge of some key specialized terms in different subject areas (e.g., photosynthesis, osmosis, membrane in biology);

CRE3.01 - extract information from specific features/sections of grade-level texts (e.g., footnotes, chapter summaries, tables, illustrated figures);

CRE3.03 - demonstrate comprehension of passages containing complex verb forms, with teacher guidance e.g., sections of grade-level texts containing the past-perfect tense, passive verbs, or conditional structures;

CRE4.02 - compare information from various sources for classroom research (e.g., print and non-print, magazines and newspapers, CD-ROMs);

CRE4.03 - take notes from a variety of sources, using graphic organizers such as charts and tables as a guide.

Writing

CWRV.03 - arrange ideas in logical order and present them in linked sentences and paragraphs;

CWR3.01 - use a variety of simple, compound and complex sentences in their writing;

CWR3.02 - use appropriately and with some accuracy common tenses and verb phrase, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions of direction and time and interrogative and negative constructions.

Social and Cultural Competence

CSCV.01 - use knowledge of Canadian culture and history in school and social situations;

CSC1.01 - explain the relationship between some important aspects of geography and history and current Canadian issues (e.g., the effect of rivers on transportation routes and settlement patterns);

CSC1.03 - demonstrate understanding of and sensitivity to a wide variety of cultures and languages in Canada (e.g., explain the benefits and challenges of living among diverse cultures);

CSC1.04 - initiate and participate in conversations about current events and issues;

CSC2.04 - negotiate roles and tasks in cooperative learning activities;

CSC2.05 - identify and describe appropriate strategies for specific learning tasks (e.g., brainstorming to generate ideas; categorizing to manage information).

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Ability to extract information from text and oral discussion

·         Ability to write answers in linked sentences

·         Ability to use the Internet

·         Ability to skim and scan

·         Ability to map and create legends

·         Ability to create complete graphic organizers

Planning Notes

·         Make an overhead of the three examples of the present perfect used in the essay from Activity 1.

·         This activity could be organized in one of three ways:

a)   The teacher leads the class sequentially through issues, such as Multiculturalism, Canada/U.S. relations, French/English relations, and Inuit and Other Aboriginal People.

b)   The teacher divides the class into groups (for example, four groups of three students). Each group works independently to examine a different issue. If your class is larger two groups can examine the same issue.

c)   A combination of a and b.

·         Consult your history department to obtain resources and/or texts with articles on multiculturalism/US relations in the areas of culture, economics and politics.

·         Obtain Canadian atlases.

·         If you are not using the materials noted in Resources, collect alternate materials and prepare comprehension questions where necessary.

·         Create a graphic organizer with five columns. See Teaching/Learning Strategies for the categories.

·         Book the Library/Resource Centre and/or Computer Lab for students to access print and electronic newspapers.

·         Obtain a class set of scrapbooks or ask students to purchase scrapbooks. Provide markers, glue sticks, magazines, scissors, etc., for students to decorate the scrapbooks.

·         Obtain a copy of a map of southern Ontario and make a class set.

·         Make class sets of Appendix A, B and C. The articles in Appendix A and B were specially written for this unit.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   Return to the article from Activity 1 and reread as a class. Write three examples of the present perfect used in this essay on an overhead or the board. Ask students why the author uses the present perfect tense in the essay. Teach the formation and use of the present perfect. Have students complete related exercises.

2.   Make a list on the board of Canadian issues identified in the article that began in the past and continue to the present, such as Multiculturalism, Canada/US relations, French/English relations, East/West relations, Native issues, Atlantic Provinces’ issues. Briefly discuss these issues with the class. Ask questions such as: Why are there so many different nationalities in Canada? How do Canadians feel about Americans and America? Why do some people in Quebec want to be separate from Canada? Who are the Native Canadians and how are they treated?

3.   Tell students that they will be studying current Canadian issues throughout this unit. Instruct students to read newspapers and magazines and listen to radio and television newscasts to gather any information about these Canadian issues. Distribute Appendix C – Media Watch and explain how to complete this worksheet using the following example:

Date

Time

Kind of News

Name of Media Source

Summary

November 22, 2000

6 P.M.

International

CBC

The Toronto Stock Exchange is unstable because of the uncertain results of the American election.

At the completion of the study of Canadian issues, students put this chart into their scrapbook.

4.   Tell students that they will be studying four current Canadian issues in depth. Distribute scrapbooks to the class and inform the students that they will use these to build a “Canada Scrapbook”. Students decorate the cover and title the scrapbook. Students leave the first page blank. This will become the Table of Contents. On the second page, students create a title page for the topic Multiculturalism. At the beginning of each topic, students create a new title page and at the conclusion of each topic students complete the Table of Contents with the appropriate information.

Multiculturalism

1.   Students read an article about immigration, such as the one from Ontario Reader 1999, pp.61-63 titled, Canada: Nation of Immigrants.

2.   Using the information from the article, students complete a teacher created graphic organizer on which they record the countries from which immigrants came to Canada, the reasons why they came, the years that they came, and the area(s) of Canada that they settled in.

Country

Dates

Reasons

Numbers

Area(s)

China

1881-1885

To build the railway

15 000

British Columbia

 

 

 

 

 

3.   Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information in their charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into the scrapbook.

4.   With the students, read an article on Multiculturalism in Canada. Such articles can be found in a number of Canadian history texts: The article should define the terms Canadian mosaic and melting pot, and present Trudeau’s policy for, and vision of, a multicultural Canada. Have students create a T-chart in which they record the benefits and challenges of multiculturalism.

5.   Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information in their T-charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into their scrapbooks.

6.   Distribute a short, current article from the Internet or a newspaper about Canada’s multicultural society. Read the article with the class. As a class, develop 5 WH questions about the article. Students independently answer the questions, insert the article, the questions, and their answers into their scrapbooks.

7.   In pairs students find another article about multiculturalism, create 5 WH questions about the article and answer the questions. Insert this information into their scrapbook.

8.   Individually students use linked sentences to respond to the following questions:

·         Why did Canada become a nation of immigrants?

·         What was Trudeau’s policy?

·         What are the benefits and challenges of multiculturalism?

·         How does Canada’s policy of multiculturalism relate to you?

·         What is your opinion of this policy?

Students insert their answers into their scrapbooks and complete the Table of Contents.

Canada/US Relations

1.   In their scrapbooks, students create a title page called CANADA/US RELATIONS.

2.   In pairs, students read Appendix A – Canada/US Relations: The War of 1812.

3.   Distribute a map of Southern Ontario to the students. Students place a symbol at the location of each of the following:

a)   the first battle of the War of 1812

b)   the second battle of the War of 1812

c)   the third battle of the War of 1812

Students provide a legend to explain the symbols and give the dates and when completed.

4.   Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information on their maps. Students correct their maps and glue them into the scrapbook

5.   Students use Appendix A to discover the answers to the questions:

a)   Why was there tension between the United States and British North America? Find at least 3 reasons.

b)   What was the result of the battles of the War of 1812?

c)   Who fought on the Canadian side?

6.   Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information to their questions. Students correct their answers and glue them into the scrapbook.

7.   Explain to the students that there are still tensions between the US and Canada today even though Canada and the United States are at peace. Some topics to consider are:

·         Brain drain of skilled Canadian professionals to the US

·         The influence of American culture on Canadian culture

·         Canadian content in radio, television, and magazines

·         American take-over of Canadian companies

·         NAFTA – Free trade between Canada, the United States and Mexico

8.   In pairs, students skim the newspaper or the Internet and find one article about disagreements/problems/tensions between Canada and the United States. Write 5 WH questions about each article and answer them. Put the articles, questions, and answers into their scrapbooks.

9.   As a class brainstorm some of the benefits and challenges of the close relationship between Canada and the United States. Make notes from this discussion on a T-chart.

10.  Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information in their T-charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into the scrapbook

11.  Divide the class into three groups. Each group of students reads one article on one of the following connections between Canada and the U.S.: the cultural connection; the economic connection; or the political connection. Student groups use information from their article to add benefits and challenges to their T-charts. Reform the groups so that every group has an expert on each article. Students share their information and complete their T-chart. Glue the T-chart into their scrapbooks.

12.  Individually students use linked sentences to respond to the following questions:

·         What happened in 1812? Why did this happen and what was the result?

·         Explain three current tensions that exist between Canada and the United States.

·         How does the relationship between the United States and Canada relate to you?

·         In your opinion, should Canada become the “51st State” of the United States?

Students insert their answers into their scrapbooks and complete the Table of Contents.

French/English Relations

1.   In their scrapbooks, students create a title page called FRENCH/ENGLISH RELATIONS.

2.   Students read Appendix B about relations between the French and English in the 18th Century and answer the questions. Check that all students have the correct answers to their questions. Glue them into their scrapbooks.

3.   Students create up a symbol and place it at the correct spot on a map of Canada for each of the following early settlements:

·         Louisbourg

·         Quebec City

·         Montreal

·         York (Toronto)

·         Fort Henry (Kingston)

·         Bytown (Ottawa)

4.   Students individually make a legend of their symbols. Include the name of the settlement it represents and the date that settlement was founded beside each symbol.

5.   Students individually colour code their maps to show the nationalities of the settlements. Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information on their maps. Students correct their maps and glue them into the scrapbook.

6.   Explain to the class that even today, there are still tensions between the French Canadians and English Canadians. Have students read an article about the Quebec Referendum. Confirm their understanding of this article.

7.   As a class brainstorm the benefits and challenges of Quebec remaining part of Canada. Record their ideas from the class discussion onto a T-chart. Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information on their charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into their scrapbooks.

8.   Students use the Internet or newspapers to find a current article about French-English relations in Canada. Write 5 WH questions about the article and answer them. Students insert the article, questions and answers in their scrapbooks.

9.   Individually, students use linked sentences to respond to the following questions:

·         How did the problems between the French and English in Canada begin?

·         What is a referendum and how could a referendum in Quebec affect the future of Canada?

·         What are the benefits and challenges of Quebec remaining part of Canada?

·         How does the fact that Canada is a bilingual/bicultural country impact your life?

·         In your opinion, should Quebec remain part of Canada? Support your opinion with reasons.

Students insert their answers into their scrapbook and complete the Table of Contents

The Inuit and Other Aboriginal People

1.   Independently or in pairs, students read articles on the Inuit. Using information in the articles, students complete a chart on which they compare the Inuit traditional way of life with the lifestyle of the modern Inuit under the following categories:

a)   housing

b)   leisure activities

c)   education

d)   language

e)   daily activities

f)    additional information

Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information in their charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into their scrapbooks.

2.   Using information in the articles they have just read, students answer the following questions in writing:

a)   When was the territory of Nunavut founded?

b)   What is its size and how many people live there?

c)   What is its official language?

d)   Who was controlling the area of Nunavut before the Nunavut Act?

e)   Why were the Inuit unhappy with this arrangement?

f)    Why was the territory Nunavut established? Give at least 3 reasons.

g)   What rights were the people of Nunavut given in the Nunavut Act of 1993?

Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct answers to their question. Students correct their answers and glue them into the scrapbooks.

3.   Ask the students if they are familiar with other Aboriginal people in Canada and explain to the students that there are unresolved issues between the Aboriginal people in Canada and the Canadian Government today. As a class, brainstorm what some of these issues are and why they exist. Have students use the Internet or newspapers to find a current article about the Inuit or other Aboriginal people in Canada. Students make 5 WH questions based on the article and answer them. Students put the articles, questions, and answers into their scrapbooks.

4.   As a class, brainstorm some of the benefits and challenges of being an Aboriginal person in Canada today. Students make notes from this discussion on a T-chart. Using an overhead or the board, check that all students have the correct information in their T-charts. Students correct their charts and glue them into their scrapbooks.

5.   Individually, students use linked sentences to respond to the following questions:

·         Who are the Aboriginal peoples in Canada?

·         What is a First Nation community?

·         How has the life of the Aboriginal peoples changed over the last four hundred years?

·         Why are some Aboriginal peoples unhappy?

·         In your opinion, should Aboriginal peoples be given land or money to compensate for what has happened over the last four hundred years? Support your answer.

Students insert their answers into their scrapbooks and complete the Table of Contents.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Observe student behaviour and participation in groups. COR1.04, COR1.05, CSC2.04, CSC2.05

·         Summatively assess the following assignments in the students’ media scrapbook:

a)   “wh” questions and answers on media articles

b)   linked sentence responses to questions

Assess for grammatical correctness, ability to locate information found in media sources, ability to extract information from texts, ability to comprehend information containing complex verb forms, CRE3.01, CRE3.03, CWR3.01, CWR3.02

·         Summatively assess Media Watch chart (Appendix C) for completeness and accuracy of information. COR4.03

Accommodations

·         Organize students into heterogeneous groups of mixed abilities.

·         Collect articles and provide them for students if access to Internet or newspapers is difficult.

·         Read news articles and develop and answer “wh” questions as a class rather than in pairs.

·         Give students additional topics to research independently.

·         Provide additional maps for visual support.

Resources

Azar Shrampfer, B. Fundamentals of English Grammar. Toronto: Prentice Hall Canada, 1992.
ISBN 0-13-338278-8

McFadden, F., D. Quinlin, R. Life, and M. Pickup. Canada, the Twentieth Century. Richmond Hill: Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 1993. ISBN 0-88902-535-5
Contains articles on multiculturalism in Canada and on many aspects of US/ Canada relations

Zuern, G., Ontario Times 1999.  Toronto: Newcomer Communications, 1999. ISBN 0-9681-725-2-0
Has simplified articles on multiculturalism, the Inuit, and the Quebec Referendum

 

Activity 3:  Talking To Canadians

Time:  300 minutes

Description

Student groups create and conduct “person on the street interviews” on a specific Canadian issue. Incorporate the knowledge gained throughout Activity 2 to state opinions about the issues that confront Canadians today. The language focus of this activity is the correct use of common grammatical patterns and tone of voice in oral presentations.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Oral and Visual

CORV.01 - initiate and take part in conversations, participate in classroom discussions, and make short oral presentations, with teacher guidance, using a variety of subject-specific words and expressions;

CORV.02 - communicate orally, using a variety of the conventions of English grammar with some accuracy;

COR1.02 - use tone of voice and gestures to clarify meaning in conversations (e.g., stress key content words to specify meanings);

COR1.04 - participate in group work, co-operative games and teamwork;

COR1.06 - use appropriate openings and closing in oral presentations (e.g., introduce a topic by asking a question; summarize key points);

COR2.01 - use common grammatical patterns with some accuracy (e.g., make subject and verb agree; make verb tenses consistent; make possessive pronouns agree with antecedents);

COR2.02 - use some transition words and phrases to link ideas (e.g., to show sequence, to compare and contrast).

Writing

CWRV.03 - arrange ideas in logical order and present them in linked sentences and simple paragraphs;

CWR1.02 - compose stories, poems, and dialogues;

CWR3.02 - use appropriately, and with some accuracy, common tenses, and verb phrases, adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, prepositions of directions and time, and interrogative and negative constructions;

CSCV.01 - use knowledge of Canadian culture and history in school and social situations;

CSC1.01 - explain the relationship between some important aspects of geography and history and current Canadian issues (e.g., the effect of rivers on transportation routes and settlement patterns);

CSC1.03 - demonstrate understanding of and sensitivity to a wide variety of cultures and languages in Canada e.g., explain the benefits and challenges of living among diverse cultures.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Knowledge of current Canadian issues and their historical basis

·         Knowledge of interview format

·         Knowledge of subject/verb agreement and correct use of verb tense

Planning Notes

·         Tape a “person on the street interview” from a television newscast as an example for the class.

·         If possible, obtain a video camera to record the student presentations.

·         Make a class set of Appendix D – Talking to Canadians Interview.

·         Make a rubric to assess the oral presentation. Use the written script to confirm assessment. See Student Achievement for headings.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   Show the class a video clip from a “person on the street” interview. Highlight the way in which the interviewer introduces him/herself, the program, and the issue. In addition highlight how s/he interacts with the interviewee, the tone of voice used, and interviews are linked to each other. Tell the class that they will be conducting similar interviews based on the issues they have been studying. Divide class into groups of four or five (these might be the groups they worked in for Activity 2)

2.   Distribute Appendix D – Talking to Canadians. Student groups work together to develop and polish a script, assign roles and practise their presentation. Encourage students to include as much information in each of the given roles as possible. Assist students to develop appropriate tone of voice, openings and closings, and links between interviews. Encourage students to use props and to memorize their presentations. Establish a date for presentations.

3.   On presentation day, videotape the presentations if possible. Collect written scripts to confirm the accuracy of information, correct use of sentence structure, modals, present perfect and other tenses. Assess presentation for tone of voice, opening and closing, use of linking words, clarity, audibility, fluency.

4.   Provide opportunities for students to review the taped versions of their presentation for self-assessment and improvement.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Oral assessment: Assess oral presentation for tone of voice, opening and closing, use of linking words, clarity, audibility and fluency. COR1.02, COR1.06, COR2.01, COR2.02

·         Written and content assessment: Assess script of presentation for accuracy of information, correct use of sentence structure, modals, present perfect and other tenses.
CSC1.02, CSCV.01, CWR.02, CWR1.02

Accommodations

·         Allow student to videotape the presentation and show the video tape to the class.

·         Allow students to refer to their notes.

·         Allow a student to act as director or prop manager.

Resources

CBC News, CTV News, CITY News. Global News

Archer, L., C. Costello, and D. Harvery. Reading and Writing for Success. Toronto: Harcourt Canada,
ISBN 0-7747-0197-8
Has a section with information and tips for making oral presentations

 


Unit 2 – Appendix A

Canadian Issues: Their Roots in Our Past and Their Significance in Our Present

 

Canada/US Relations

 

The War of 1812

At the beginning of the 19th century, Britain and France were at war. These wars were called the Napoleonic Wars because the leader of France was named Napoleon. Americans were unhappy because Britain was trying to stop them from trading with France. Also, the British needed sailors to fight in the war so they stopped American ships to look for possible sailors.

At the same time, many Americans thought the British colonies in Canada should be part of the United States. Because of this and their anger with the British, the United States started a war with Great Britain in 1812 by attacking the British colonies in Canada.

Between 1812 and 1814 many battles were fought in Upper and Lower Canada (Ontario and Quebec). The armies that defended Upper and Lower Canada were made up of Canadian* volunteers, Natives and British soldiers. In this war, Canadians* of all backgrounds fought to defend their colony.

The War of 1812 began in July 1812. In the first battle, on July 12th an army of American soldiers crossed Lake Ontario and tried to capture a fort near Windsor. The Canadian* defenders defeated the Americans. The Americans went back to their own fort.

General Isaac Brock, the leader of the Canadian* armies, was in York when he heard about the attack. He was afraid that the Americans would attack again; therefore, he took some soldiers and rode his horse to Windsor. Along the way many farmers and Natives joined him. The second battle was on August 16, 1812. Brock and his army crossed the water and attacked the American fort in Detroit. Brock and his army won this battle against the Americans. When Brock felt that the fort in Windsor was safe, he moved his army to Niagara Falls.

A few months later, in October, there was a third battle. This time American soldiers crossed the Niagara River at a place called Queenston, which is near Niagara Falls. Even though it was a surprise attack, Isaac Brock’s army fought and defended the land. In this battle a thousand American soldiers were taken as prisoners but only 28 British and Canadian* soldiers were killed. Brock’s army won the battle.

When the war ended in 1814, the border between Canada and the United States stayed the same. This border remains the same today. It is the longest undefended border in the world.

*For clarity, the authors have called the European settlers living in British North America, Canadians.


Unit 2 – Appendix B

Canadian Issues: Their Roots in Our Past and Their Significance in Our Present

 

French/English Relations

The time between 1750 and 1770 was very important to the future of North America because the British and French were fighting there. This fighting began in 1754 as a battle between “les Canadiens” (the French Canadians), and American (British) settlers in the Ohio Valley. Then, in 1756, Britain and France began a war that lasted seven years. It was called the Seven Years War. The settlements in North America became an extension of the war in Europe so France and Britain sent trained soldiers to protect their interests in North America.

France had some important fortifications in North America: Quebec, which was founded in 1608; Montreal, which was founded in 1642; and Louisbourg, which was founded in 1713. In the Seven Years War Fortress Louisbourg, in Nova Scotia, was attacked by a large force of British soldiers and sailors in 1758. In the same year the British captured and destroyed another French fort, Fort Henry. In 1760 Fort Henry was rebuilt and named Kingston.

In 1759, the leader of the British forces in North America, General James Wolfe led an attack against Quebec City. Montcalm, the French general, saw the British army approaching and led his troops to a field outside the city to meet the attackers. This field was called The Plains of Abraham. Within 15 minutes both Wolfe and Montcalm were killed and the British had seized control of Quebec. In the next battle, Montreal was captured by the British in 1760. When the war ended in 1763, 70,000 French colonists came under British rule. This started the problems between the French and English in Canada.

Britain wanted to populate the former New France with English speaking Protestants, so they advertised and gave incentives to the British to attract them to their new colony.

In addition, the British built the settlement of York in 1793 at the place where earlier small British settlements had been. In 1855 the settlement of Bytown took the new name, Ottawa. It became the capital of Canada in 1857.

 

Questions

1.   How did events in France and Britain affect war in North America?

 

2.   What happened to Wolfe and Montcalm after the battle?

 

3.   Why would Britain want English speaking people to immigrate to their new colony?

 

4.   Today, there are tensions between French and English Canada. Explain how the wars and decisions made in the 1700s are connected to today’s problems.

 


Unit 2 – Appendix C

Media Watch

 

Over the next ______________ you will be conducting a “MEDIA WATCH”. To do this you must follow various forms of news reports. You can watch television news, listen to radio news, read the newspapers or read magazines. You must explore at least three different forms of media.

Over the next ____________ make ten entries into this chart based on what you read, see, or hear in the news.

Media Watch

Date

Time

Kind of News

Name of Media Source

Summary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Unit 2 – Appendix D

Talking To Canadians

Your group will be presenting a “Person On The Street Interview” to the class. In your presentation, the interviewer will introduce the scene and the topic and ask questions of each of the interviewees. The interviewees will answer the questions as if they have just thought of the answers at that moment. (This means memorize your lines). Your interview will be about one of the topics you have been studying in class.

1.   As a group, choose one of the situations below and confirm your choice with the teacher.

2.   Work together to write questions and responses for each of the characters given in your scenario. Think carefully about how each character would react. Use information you have learned in this unit and your own ideas to develop the script.

3.   Each student must have at least eight to ten lines to say in the interview.

4.   Use modals and the present perfect in your script.

5.   After you have written the script, edit it for errors.

6.   Assign parts to each group member and practise reading the script.

7.   Memorize the script.

8.   Continue to practise the presentation of the script. Think about the tone of voice you might use at different times, where your interview occurs, where you will stand or sit, etc. Think about props or costumes which will enhance the presentation.


Unit 2 – Appendix D  (Continued)

 

Situation One

The results of the Quebec Referendum have just come in. The majority of Quebecers have voted to separate from Canada. What is your opinion?

a)   You are a proud Quebecois who is happy with the result of the referendum.

b)   You are a proud Quebecois who is unhappy with the result of the referendum.

c)   You are a resident of Ontario who is concerned about how this will affect you and the province.

d)   You are a resident of English Canada who is happy with the result of the referendum.

Situation Two

The governments of Canada and the United States have just announced that Canada will

no longer be a separate country but instead will become the 51st state of the United States.

a)   You are a proud Canadian who is appalled by this announcement.

b)   You are a proud Canadian who thinks this will change will really help your business and the country.

c)   You are an American who thinks this change will help your business and the country.

d)   You are a proud American who is appalled by this announcement.

Situation Three

The government of Canada has just announced a new immigration policy. As of this month, the number of immigrants who will be allowed into Canada will be cut in half.

a)   You are a Canadian who agrees with this new policy.

b)   You are a Canadian who disagrees with this policy.

c)   You are a new immigrant who is hoping to bring your family to Canada.

d)   You are an employer looking for skilled workers and you are having difficulty finding them in Canada.

Situation Four

The government of Canada has just announced the creation of a new territory which includes much of Northern Ontario and Quebec. This territory will be part of Canada but it will be controlled by the Aboriginal people who live in this area.

a)   You are Native Canadian who lives in this area who is happy with this decision.

b)   You are a non-Native Canadian who owns land in this area and who is concerned about how your life will change.

c)   You are a resident of Southern Ontario who is concerned about how your life will change.

d)   You are a Native Canadian who lives in Western Canada and who would like a similar settlement to your land claim.

You will be assessed for:

·         content of the presentation

·         clarity, audibility, and fluency of oral presentation

·         tone of voice

·         opening, closing, and linking of interview

·         use of correct and appropriate facts

·         correct use of sentence structure, modals and verb tenses, particularly the present perfect

·         ability to work cooperatively in a group

·         ability to communicate with group members

 

 

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