Course Profile   Science, Grade 11, University/College Preparation, Catholic

 

Unit 1:  Waste Management

Time:  23 hours

 

Activity 1 | Activity 2 | Activity 3 | Activity 4 | Activity 5

Unit Description

The expectations of this unit are clustered into five groupings. Starting with their knowledge of ecosystems gained in Grade 10 Science, students develop an awareness and understanding of the need for waste management processes within the context of the Church’s teaching on the stewardship of the Earth. Through research, they discover the effects of various types of waste on the environment and develop a greater sense of respect for all living things. They are encouraged to take responsibility for their own actions and advocate others to do likewise. Students are introduced to chemical principles and investigate the application of technology to waste management (concepts that will be studied in greater detail later). This unit encourages students to become critical thinkers, able to identify the root cause of some of the ecological problems that face the planet. They are taught strategies for critical analysis of contemporary and controversial issues. As part of this unit, students will be required to create a media file to focus on local/regional/global waste management issues. Students use the clippings collected in their media file in the fifth cluster, as the basis for reflection in their journal. The purpose is to help students develop a respect for the natural environment as a reflection of God’s love for humankind.

The first cluster focuses on explaining the meaning of waste and waste management. Through class discussion, students define the various types of waste produced by human activity and how it may be managed.

In the second cluster, students identify sources of waste and explain the principles of waste management. Through experimentation, students investigate solid, liquid, or gaseous waste and prepare a report on a specific waste treatment strategy.

The impact of waste on the environment is explored in the third cluster. Students research and report on the use of bacteria as waste decomposers. In addition, the short and long-term effects of specific waste on the environment is discussed. Students are asked to collect a media file of issues regarding waste management.

In the fourth cluster, using a case study based upon the media file or a field trip report, the students focus on alternative treatments of waste. Students analyse economic, political, environmental, and ethical considerations used when choosing an appropriate waste management strategy. This must be done as a class, to teach students the process of critical analysis in a context enriched by faith and moral considerations - a skill they will develop and use throughout this course.

In the fifth cluster, students use the principles of science and technology described in the unit, and the skills taught in the previous activity to create a local action plan for a real (or fictitious) community waste problem. Students are encouraged to use a case/issue they collected in their media file, if appropriate.

Unit Synopsis Chart

Since each activity includes a cluster of expectations, various Achievement Chart categories may be assessed; however, one or more areas tend to have a greater emphasis. These categories have been indicated by bold so it is clear which category should be weighted more heavily.

Activity

Time

Expectations

Assessment

Task

1. What is Waste?

150 min

WMV.01, WM1.01, SIS.06, CGE2ab, 5e, 7i

Knowledge

1. Teacher- directed discussion

2. Student reflection

3. Vocabulary list

2. Waste Management

330 min

WMV.02, WM1.02, 1.03, 1.04, 2.01, 2.03, SIS.01, .02, .03, .04, .06, .07, CGE2bc, 4f, 7b

Knowledge

Inquiry

Communication

Making Connections

1. Teacher- directed discussion

2. Student investigations

3. Research report

3. Impact of Waste on the Environment

3.1 Wheel of waste

3.2 Field trip

300 min

WMV.03, WM3.01, 3.02, 3.03, SIS.10, CGE1d, 2e, 3c, 5ad, 7i

Communication

Making Connections

1.Video presentation

2. Mind map

3. Student research

4. Field trip

5. Journal reflection

4. Alternative Treatments of Waste

225 min

WMV.01, WMV.03, WMV.02, WM1.05, 2.04, 3.02, 3.03, SIS.05, CGE2c, 3cef, 4f, 5abg, 7bij

Knowledge

Communication

Making Connections

1. Class discussion

2. Student research

3. Class presentation

5. Improved Waste Treatment

375 min

WMV.02, WMV.03, WM1.05, 2.02, 3.02, 3.04, SIS.05, .08, CGE2c, 3cf, 4f, 5aeg, 7bi

Knowledge

Communication

Making Connections

1. Case study analysis

2. Issue organizer

3. Class presentation of action plan

4. Journal reflection

 

Activity 1:  What is Waste?

Time:  150 minutes

Description

This activity helps students define the meaning of waste, its sources and the meaning of waste management. Students are asked to begin a media file of stories or articles dealing with waste, its problems and its management.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Waste Management

Overall Expectations

WMV.01 - demonstrate an understanding of the nature and types of waste and their management in industry and the community.

Specific Expectations

WM1.01 - define, and, when appropriate, give examples of such terms as the following: solid/liquid/gaseous waste, toxic waste, heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acid rain, ozone, greenhouse effect.

Scientific Investigation Skills

SIS.06 - compile, organize, and interpret data using appropriate formats and treatments including tables, flow charts, graphs, and diagrams.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE2a - listens actively and critically to understand and learn in light of gospel values;

CGE2b - reads, understands, and uses written materials effectively;

CGE5e - respects the rights, responsibilities, and contributions of self and others;

CGE7i - respects the environment and uses resources wisely.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Grade 10 Academic or Applied Science, Biology strand

Planning Notes

·         Consider collecting samples of the waste produced in a day from one garbage receptacle in the school (make sure gloves are available for proper safety precautions).

·         Collect magazine and newspaper articles or pictures showing waste.

·         Find pictures of people scavenging through garbage or land fills trying to salvage things.

·         Introduce student to the use of a journal for reflection using the context of the unequal distribution of wealth and of the contrasting life-styles of people in developed and under-developed countries by referring to the pictures found above.

·         Find out if your school or board has a recycling policy or program to reduce waste in schools and use this in class discussion.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

The teacher:

·         invites students to identify as many words as possible to describe “waste” and list different examples of waste;

·         asks students to list all the items that they have thrown away in a day;

·         asks students to list all the wastes produced by the school in a day (remember to include cafeteria, art area, technical area, science labs, etc);

·         helps students sort the different types of wastes that they have identified into different categories such as solid, liquid, or gas; organic/inorganic; biodegradable/non-biodegradable; toxic/non-toxic; industrial, medical or nuclear;

·         direct students to produce a concept map showing the relationships between the wastes produced and the categories of waste;

·         asks students to construct a collage depicting the various categories of  waste;

·         invites students to consider the meaning of the term “management” as applied to waste;

·         introduces students to the concepts of “reducing, reusing, recycling, recovering” (4 Rs) as applied to waste;

·         asks students to reflect in their journal and compare their life styles and use of resources with those of their peers in under-developed countries.

Students:

·         identify words applying to waste;

·         list examples of waste they have produced in a day;

·         list examples of waste produced within the school;

·         construct a concept map that relates the wastes produced and their categories;

·         produce a collage of waste illustrating the categories;

·         consider the term “management” as applied to waste;

·         discuss the 4 Rs of waste management;

·         identify how they could manage the waste they produced;

·         write a reflection on a comparison of their life styles and use of resources with those of their peers in under-developed countries.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         A paper-and-pencil task (e.g., quiz) may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding using a marking scheme (WM1.01, SIS.06).

·         The collage produced may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding and Communication
(WM1.01, SIS.06).

Accommodations

·         See the Course Overview for general accommodations.

·         Possible enrichment activities:

·         Students may produce a computer created graphic presentation of their waste.

·         Students may produce a slide show or a photograph illustrating their waste.

Resources

Print

Andrews, W.A., T.J.E. Wolfe, R.S. Hedges, A. Kamel, and J.R. Percy. Science 10: An Introductory Study. Scarborough: Prentice-Hall Canada Inc., 1988. ISBN 0-13-794629-5

Candido, J.L., E.S. James, R.E. Phillips, B.D. Kaufman, and G. W. Wiley. Heath Science Connections 10. Toronto: D.C. Heath Canada Ltd., 1988. ISBN 0-669-95285-0

Grace, E., F. Mustoe, J. Ivanco, D. Gue, F.D. Brown. SciencePower 10. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 2000. ISBN 0-07-560364-0

Hirsch, Alan J., J.E. Czerneda, D.I. Galbraith, J.E. Garden, and D.A. Plumb. Science Explorations 10. Toronto: John Wiley and Sons, 1987. ISBN 0-471-79705-7

Ritter, Bob, D. Plumb, F. Jenkins, H. van Kessel, A.J. Hirsch. Nelson Science 10. Scarborough: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2001. ISBN 0-17-607501-1

Video

Befriending the Earth: Tom Berry & Thomas Clarke; Twenty Third Publications.

Earth at Risk Environmental Series available through Educational Video from Karol Video: Science & Problem Solving.

Great Lakes Alive Series of 3 videos available from TV Ontario, 1994.

Toxic Wastes available from Hawkhill Video updated 1998.

Computer

Focus on the Environment Series. CD-ROM. Available from EME Science Software.

Internet

Air and Waste Management Association – www.awma.org/

Air Quality Ontario – http://www.airqualityontario.com

Catholic Information Network – www.cin.org/

Church Documents – http://www.vatican.va

David Suzuki Foundation – http://www.davidsuzuki.org

Florida Centre for Solid and Hazardous Waste Management – www.floridacenter.org

International Solid Waste Association – www.iswa.dk/

Ontario Ministry of the Environment – http://www.ene.gov.on.ca

Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection – www.dep.state.pa.us/educators/default.htm

Radioactive Waste Management – www.uic.com.au/wast.htm

Rock Island County Waste Management Agency – www.ricwma.org/p6.html

Solid Waste – http://solidwaste.com

Waterloo Region Waste Management Links – http://www.region.waterloo.on.ca/waste/docs/links.html

 

Activity 2:  Waste Management

Time:  330 minutes

Description

Students conduct investigations into different styles of waste management. They research one of the main types of waste (solid, liquid, or gas) and present some specific techniques to manage the waste using a creative presentation such as a slide show, scrap book, photo essay, or multi-media style computer presentation.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Waste Management

Overall Expectations

WMV.02 - conduct investigations/research and make inferences regarding the effectiveness of various waste management practices.

Specific Expectations

WM1.02 - explain the principles related to the management of solid waste (e.g., industrial, toxic, medical, nuclear solid waste);

WM1.03 - explain the principles related to the management of liquid waste;

WM1.04 - explain the principles related to the management of gaseous waste;

WM2.01 - investigate, through experimentation, the relationship between a type of waste produced (e.g., solid, liquid, gas) and waste management strategies;

WM2.03 - describe and explain, through research and reporting, the use of bacteria as waste decomposers.

Scientific Investigation Skills

SIS.01 - demonstrate an understanding of safety practices consistent with Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) legislation by selecting and applying appropriate techniques for handling, storing, and disposing of laboratory materials;

SIS.02 - select appropriate instruments and use them effectively and accurately in collecting observations and data;

SIS.03 - demonstrate the skills required to plan and carry out investigations using laboratory equipment safely, effectively, and accurately;

SIS.04 - select and use appropriate numeric, symbolic, graphical, and linguistic modes of representation to communicate scientific ideas, plans, and experimental results;

SIS.06 - locate, select, analyse, and integrate information on topics under study, working independently and as part of a team, and using appropriate library and electronic research tools, including Internet sites;

SIS.07 - communicate the procedures and results of laboratory investigations and research for specific purposes, using data tables and laboratory reports.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE2b - reads, understands and uses written materials effectively;

CGE2c - presents information and ideas clearly and honestly and with sensitivity to others;

CGE4f - applies effective communication, decision-making, problem-solving, time and resource management skills;

CGE7b - accepts accountability for one’s own actions.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Grade 10 Academic or Applied Science, Biology strand

Planning Notes

·         Collect information about wastes produced from different sites.

·         Arrange to use the Library/Resource Centre or bring appropriate resources to class dealing with waste.

·         Arrange to use a computer lab in order to have Internet access to research waste generation.

·         Check if your school is a licensed waste generator according to Ministry of the Environment requirements (it will be, in order that waste chemicals may be disposed of from a science lab and if there is an auto shop in the school in order to dispose of waste oil).

·         Organize stations for students to conduct experiments on separation techniques for various types of wastes, for example: station A = mixture of solid wastes; station B = mixture of  liquid wastes; and/or station C = mixture of gaseous wastes.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

The teacher:

·         identifies the main types of wastes as solid, liquid or gas;

·         leads students to identify different sources of these wastes (e.g., homes, industries, farms, hospitals, electrical generating plants, or schools);

·         identifies and explains the key principles related to the management of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes;

·         sets up stations around the room where students can conduct experiments using various techniques to separate samples of  mixtures of wastes; (stations suggested could include one or more of the following; a mixture of solid wastes or  liquid wastes, or gaseous wastes);

·         choose one technique examined above and conduct an experiment to investigate a waste management strategy for it (e.g., minimize acidity in a closed bog system in an aquarium);

·         allows students to research and report on the use of bacteria as waste decomposers;

·         makes arrangements either to use the Library/Resource Centre or to use a computer lab for research purpose;

·         leads a class discussion on the use of bacteria as waste decomposers and evaluates their reports;

·         prepares a quiz emphasizing the treatment of wastes in all three states.

Students:

·         using the list generated in Activity 1, identify the sources of the wastes listed;

·         explain the key principles related to the management of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes;

·         perform experiments to separate different types of waste following the teacher’s direction and submit a lab report;

·         conduct an experiment to investigate a waste management strategy and summarize their results;

·         research and complete a report on the use of bacteria as waste decomposers;

·         participate in a class discussion on the importance of bacteria as waste decomposers;

·         writes a quiz to show understanding of the treatment of wastes in all three states.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Student research report may be evaluated for Knowledge/Understanding, Inquiry, Communication and Making Connections using a task specific rubric. (WM2.02, SIS.06)

·         Student lab report may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding, Inquiry, and Communication using a marking scheme. (WM1.02, WM1.03, WM1.04, WM2.01, SIS.01, SIS.02, SIS.03, SIS.04, SIS.07)

·         Students write a quiz showing understanding of the treatment of wastes in all three states.
(WM1.02, WM1.03, WM1.04)

Accommodations

·         See the Course Overview for general accommodations.

·         Possible enrichment activities:

·         develop a science fair project based upon treatment of waste;

·         organizes a school campaign to reduce waste in the school.

Resources

Print

Refer to list from Activity 1.

Video

Cleaning up Toxins at Home. Video Project, 1996 (available through McNabb & Connolly).

Preserving the Legacy: Introduction to Environmental Technology. Intelecom, 1999 (available through Magic Lantern Communications).

Waste Management: Interactions in Science and Society Series (set of 12 videos). AIT and Wisconsin Public Television, 1990 (available through Magic Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont).

Internet

Refer to list from Activity 1.

 

Activity 3:  Impact of Waste on the Environment

Time:  300 minutes

Description

In this activity students are introduced to the various types of household waste and their effects on the environment. It is recommended that students participate in a Field Trip to a local waste management site in order to discover, analyse and evaluate the short and long-term impact of waste on their environment.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand:  Waste Management

Overall Expectations

WMV.03 - describe and analyse the interaction of science, society, and government in the development of various waste management strategies, and assess the impact of various wastes on the environment.

Specific Expectations

WM3.01 - illustrate, through research into a category of household waste, the effects of waste on the environment;

WM3.02 - analyse the impact of economic and political considerations on the choice of waste management strategies and ultimately on the environment;

WM3.03 - evaluate the short- and long-term impact of a specific waste on the environment, and make recommendations for change.

Scientific Investigation Skills

SIS.10 - identify and collect information on careers related to the subject area under study.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE1d - develops attitudes and values founded on Catholic social teaching and acts to promote social responsibility, human solidarity and the common good;

CGE2e - uses and integrates the Catholic faith tradition, in the critical analysis of the arts, media, technology and information systems to enhance the quality of life;

CGE3c - thinks reflectively and creatively to evaluate situations and solve problems;

CGE5a - works effectively as an interdependent team member;

CGE5d - finds meaning, dignity, fulfillment and vocation in work which contributes to the common good;

CGE7i - respects the environment and uses resources wisely.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Grade 9 Academic or Applied: Chemistry strand.

·         Grade 10 Academic or Applied: Chemistry strand.

Planning Notes

·         Make a mural size “Wheel of Waste” organized by specific waste categories around the outside of the circle and inside each slice of the circle (pie) under the categories include titles such as source, example of waste produced, the long and short term environmental impact, for students to fill in.

·         Locate and preview a video on types of wastes, including household waste, (see Resources).

·         Make arrangements for Internet access and Library/Resource Centre visits.

·         Identify and locate an appropriate site for a Field Trip to a waste management site and provide the facility with the student-prepared questions prior to the class visit. We strongly recommend a Field Trip to provide students with first-hand exposure to the amount, disposal, treatment and management of their communities’ wastes. Plan and organize the Field Trip following board procedures regarding permission forms, buses, etc. When choosing the site, teachers must be aware of individual student needs, e.g., wheelchair accessibility. Alternatively, information and data from a variety of waste management facilities can be obtained either from a local company or through the Internet. The students can follow the general outline given in this activity without actually visiting a site.

Teaching /Learning Strategies

Activity 3.1:

The teacher:

·         introduces types of waste (household, etc.) using a video;

·         Using a mind map identifies the various types of household wastes and their origins (for example grease from the kitchen);

·         discusses the effects of these wastes on the environment, including the short term and long term effects;

·         assigns a specific waste category to each student for independent research;

·         provides a mural size “Wheel of Waste” for students to add their information to,
(see Planning Notes).

Students:

·         watch a video on waste and discuss the various types of wastes seen;

·         create a mind map identifying various types of household wastes - by type and origin;

·         research a specific category of household waste and identify the short-and long-term effects of the waste on the environment, students prepare a fact sheet to be submitted for assessment and organize their information to fit the class “Wheel of Waste”);

·         complete an individual copy of the class “Wheel of Waste” from the class mural.

Activity 3.2

The teacher:

·         brainstorms with the class other sources of waste in the community including various solid, liquid, and gas wastes, e.g., from hospital, industry, agriculture, etc.;

·         prepares the class for the Field Trip by outlining the activity;

·         aids class in preparing a questionnaire that will allow students to gather appropriate information at the site. Some suggestions for headings include: types of waste treated, source of wastes, treatment procedures, environmental impact (include residual wastes), regional policies and laws that govern the waste management strategies, costs involved in the treatment, educational requirements for jobs at this site;

·         divides class into groups of 3 Investigative Reporting Teams, assigns each team a specific heading, and instructs them to design four to five questions that will be used to create the class questionnaire;

·         collects and verifies the appropriateness of the questions (having students edit where necessary) then compiles the questionnaire. Students can submit their questions on a disk for easy compilation and teacher forwards a copy of the final questionnaire to the site prior to the class visit to help the facility prepare for the class visit;

·         arranges transportation and collects permission forms, etc., in preparation for the trip;

·         provides each Investigative Reporting Team the opportunity to report their findings to the class;

·         aids students in collating a final report and provides a summary sheet for each student.

Students:

·         compile a list of various sources of wastes in their community;

·         in groups of three, students form Investigative Reporting Teams where they: 1) design relevant questions on the assigned heading to be used to construct a questionnaire for the Field Trip. These questions could be saved on disc, and 2) ask and record the answers to their questions at the site;

·         participate in Field Trip activity (they are encouraged to collect pamphlets and brochures, if available, related to waste management to add to their media file);

·         in their Teams, prepare a report summarizing the information gathered (each Team presents their report to the class);

·         submit their findings, to be collated into a final class report;

·         make a journal reflection on how their community deals with waste and how the disposal can be improved to respect the sacramental character of the natural environment.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Fact sheet may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding and Making Connections using a marking scheme or checklist (WM3.01, 3.03);

·         Field Trip report may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding, Communication, Inquiry, and Making Connections using a rubric (WM3.01, 3.02, 3.03, SIS.10).

Accommodations

·         Students with physical limitations should be paired with other students to enable them to participate in the Field Trip;

·         For enrichment, students can make recommendations for improvements of the site visited. Students could write an article for the school (or local) newspaper reporting on the purpose and findings of their class trip and include a reflection on the need for responsible stewardship.

Resources

Refer to list from Activity 1 plus the following:

Text

Canadian Green Consumer Guide. McClelland & Stewart, 1989. Prepared by Pollution Probe.

Hazardous Wastes in Your Home. Environment Ontario. Toronto: Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 1990.

Internet

Environment Canada’s Green Lane – http://www.ec.gc.ca

Pamphlets

Beyond the Blue Box, Your Guide to Waste Reduction and Recycling in Metropolitan Toronto. Toronto: The Metropolitan Toronto Works Department.

Household Hazardous Waste. Water Environment Federation. Alexandria, Va 22314-1994.

Video

Befriending the Earth. Tom Berry & Thomas Clarke. Twenty Third Publications.

Deadly Deception. INFACT International; P.O. Box 80013, Minneapolis, MIN 55408, USA.

Farm Pollution. Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont. 1993. 859-31-319.

 

Activity 4:  Alternative Treatments of Waste

Time:  225 minutes

Description

This activity is organized as a continuation of the Field Trip (see Activity 3). Students in groups research the advantages and disadvantages of alternate waste management treatment strategies and may make recommendations for changes to the site visited. The role of science and technology in the development of waste management treatment strategies is investigated.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand:  Waste Management

Overall Expectations

WMV.01 - demonstrate an understanding of the nature and types of waste and of their management in industry and the community;

WMV.02 - conduct investigations/research and make inferences regarding the effectiveness of various waste management practices;

WMV.03 - describe and analyse the interaction of science, society, and government in the development of various waste management strategies, and assess the impact of various wastes on the environment.

Specific Expectations

WM1.05 - explain how science and technology are used in the development of new waste management strategies;

WM2.04 - evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of alternative waste management systems;

WM3.02 - analyse the impact of economic and political considerations on the choice of waste management strategies and ultimately on the environment;

WM3.03 - evaluate the short- and long-term impact of a specific waste on the environment, and make recommendations for change.

Scientific Investigation Skills

SIS.05 - locate, select, analyse, and integrate information on topics under study, working independently and as part of a team, and using appropriate library and electronic research tools, including Internet sites.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE2c - presents information and ideas clearly and honestly and with sensitivity to others;

CGE3c - thinks reflectively and creatively to evaluate situations and solve problems;

CGE3e - adopts a holistic approach to life by integrating learning from various subject areas and experience;

CGE3f - examines, evaluates and applies knowledge of interdependent systems (physical, political, ethical, socio-economic and ecological) for the development of a just and compassionate society;

CGE4f - applies effective communication, decision-making, problem-solving, time and resource management skills;

CGE5a - works effectively as an interdependent team member;

CGE5b - thinks critically about the meaning and purpose of work;

CGE5g - achieves excellence, originality, and integrity in his/her own work and supports these qualities in the work of others;

CGE7b - accepts accountability for his/her own actions;

CGE7i - respects the environment and uses resources wisely;

CGE7j - contributes to the common good.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Grade 9 Academic or Applied: Chemistry strand

·         Grade 10 Academic or Applied: Chemistry strand, Biology strand, and Earth and Space strand

Planning Notes

·         If the Field Trip was not done in Activity 3, then the teacher may choose an appropriate media article from the students’ files on a waste management strategy for research.

·         Make available Internet access and Library/Resource Centre resources.

·         One main aim of this activity is to help students develop and refine skills in research and analysis of issues.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

The teacher:

·         using the Field Trip Report or a specific and appropriate article from students’ media files, leads a discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of the specific waste management treatment in place;

·         directs students to make a list of alternative waste management treatment strategies, identifying the role of science and technology in their development, and as a class, agree on which of the alternative strategies listed is the most viable;

·         divides the class into groups of ten students. Each group is further subdivided into two groups, where one group researches the advantages and the second group researches the disadvantages of the agreed upon alternative strategy;

·         each group of five must consider the following subtopics: the science and technology involved, the long and short term environmental impacts, economic, political and ethical  considerations. Individual students are assigned to research one of the listed subtopics;

·         directs students to compile an individual and a  group summary and then instructs each group of five students to present their summary to the larger group of ten students (original group);

·         allows the students to discuss their findings and conclusions as a class;

·         instructs students, after hearing all the findings, to individually evaluate and make recommendations for change, answering the question “Given our belief in our responsibility for the Earth and of all that is in it, is it really a better alternative?”;

·         collects individual summaries, evaluations, and recommendations for assessment.

Students:

·         discuss with the class the advantages and disadvantages of a specific waste management treatment;

·         make a list of alternative waste management strategies and agree on which strategy is the most viable;

·         form groups of ten, further divide into two sub-groups of five students - one sub-group to research the advantages and one to research the disadvantages of the agreed strategy. Individually research and make a summary of, the assigned subtopic (see teacher strategies). Students should include a list of works cited with their work;

·         individually present their findings to their group of ten classmates and as a group prepare a brief summary (200 words);

·         each group presents their summary to the entire class and as a class discuss the overall findings;

·         individually add to their summary their recommendations for change answering the question “Given our belief in our responsibility for the Earth and of all that is in it, is it really a better alternative?”

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Individual summaries and recommendations for change may be assessed for Knowledge/Understanding, Communication, and Making Connections using a checklist
(WM1.05, 2.02, 3.02, 3.03, SIS.05)

·         Roving conference may be used for formative assessment of Knowledge/Understanding
(WM2.04, WM3.02, WM3.03)

Accommodations

·         For enrichment, students could build a model of the alternative strategy suggested. Students could research where in the world this alternative strategy has been used and write a report or make a presentation to the class.

Resources

Refer to list from Activity 1 plus the following:

Pamphlets and brochures from the site visited (see Activity 3)

Managing Hazardous Wastes. Toronto: Ontario Waste Management Corporation, 1990

Closing the Loop, the 3Rs of Waste Management. Environment Ontario. Toronto: Queen’s Printer for Ontario, 1990.

Nature’s Way: How Wastewater Treatment Works for You. Water Environment Federation. Alexandria, Va 22314-1994.

Biosolids Recycling. Water Environment Federation. Alexandria, Va. 22314-1994.

Videos

Deadly Deception. INFACT International: P.O. Box 80013, Minneapolis, MIN 55408, USA.

The New Alchemy. Magic Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont. 1992.

The New Alchemy Update. Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont. 1994. 859-31-839.

 

Activity 5:  Improved Waste Treatment

Time:  375 minutes

Description

This activity is designed as a case study of one particular resource and its waste management strategies. Students will develop and present an action plan using an issue organizer. This activity provides students with a wide conceptual framework which incorporates all sciences as well as other disciplines including geography, environmental studies, and business. Working independently, students further develop their problem solving skills and their ability to critically analyse issues as informed, responsible, Catholic citizens.

Strands & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Waste Management

Overall Expectations

WMV.02 - conduct investigations/research and make inferences regarding the effectiveness of various waste management practices;

WMV.03 - describe and analyse the interaction of science, society, and government in the development of various waste management strategies, and assess the impact of various wastes on the environment.

Specific Expectations

WM1.05 - explain how science and technology are used in the development of new waste management strategies;

WM2.02 - communicate effectively the results of research on the use and management of a resource and the resulting waste that is generated;

WM3.02 - analyse the impact of economic and political considerations on the choice of waste management strategies and ultimately on the environment;

WM3.04 - advocate for an improved waste management system at the local, regional, or national level of government.

Scientific Investigation Skills

SIS.05 - locate, select, analyse, and integrate information on topics under study, working independently and as part of a team, and using appropriate library and electronic research tools, including Internet sites;

SIS.08 - research and evaluate specialized knowledge, and apply it to the world outside the school.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE2c - presents information and ideas clearly and honestly and with sensitivity to others;

CGE3c - thinks reflectively and creatively to evaluate situations and solve problems;

CGE3f - examines, evaluates and applies knowledge of interdependent systems (physical, political, ethical, socio-economic and ecological) for the development of a just and compassionate society;

CGE4f - applies effective communication, decision-making, problem-solving, time and resource management skills;

CGE5a - works effectively as an interdependent team member;

CGE5e - respects the rights, responsibilities and contributions of self and others;

CGE5g - achieves excellence, originality, and integrity in one’s own work and supports these qualities in the work of others;

CGE7b - accepts accountability for her/his own actions;

CGE7i - respects the environment and uses resources wisely.

Planning Notes

·         Choose an issue of interest and prepare a case study (real or fictitious)(refer to Appendix I for a sample scenario).

·         Make copies of Appendix I, II, and III (or similar directions) for each student.

·         Ensure Internet access and Library/Resource Centre resources are available.

·         Students may be organized into groups of 4 for this activity.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

The teacher:

·         distributes the scenario and outlines the activity, (see Appendix I – Is Bigger Always Better?);

·         leads discussion on the scenario and helps students construct an Introductory Web which includes questions that students will need to answer in order to carry out their investigation (for example: What is the resource involved?);

·         introduces the “Three Legged Stool of Waste Management” as a way to group the main categories that define the issue. The seat of the stool = Title (Waste Management), leg 1 = Science and Technology, leg 2 = Environment and Politics, leg 3 = Economy and Policies;

·         distributes the Issue Organizer (see Appendix II), and directs students to complete it by identifying the resource, its use and management, the resulting waste generated, and the waste management strategies used. Students may work in groups of four and divide the questions among the group members;

·         directs students to use their completed Issue Organizer to construct a flow chart and propose an Action Plan advocating for an improved waste management system;

·         allow students, using their individual strengths, to present their Action Plan, e.g., video, TV broadcast, mural, bulletin board;

·         directs students to make a journal reflection on waste management practices.

Students:

·         read and discuss the given scenario and construct an Introductory Web;

·         using the Issue Organizer provided, research the issue under discussion (students may be organized into groups of four);

·         use their completed Issue Organizer to construct a flow chart and propose an Action Plan advocating for an improved waste management system;

·         using their individual strengths, present their Action Plan to the class;

·         reflect in their journals as informed, responsible, Catholic citizens on their role in advocating for and maintaining safe and environmentally sound waste management practices.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Individual Issue Organizers may be assessed for knowledge/understanding, communication, and making connections, using a checklist (WM1.05, 2.02, 3.02, 3.04, SIS.05, .08);

·         Individual Action Plan presentations may be evaluated for knowledge/understanding, communication and making connections, using a rubric (see Appendix III) (WM1.05, 2.02, 3.02, 3.04, SIS.05, .08).

Accommodations

·         For enrichment, students could carry out Activity 5 for a specific community resource, and write an article for a local newspaper advocating for an improved waste management system or arrange to present their findings at a town or municipal meeting.

Resources

Refer to list from Activity 1 plus the following:

Zero Waste America – www.zerowasteamerica.org

Pamphlets

From Forests of Canada to the Markets of the World. Sponsored by the Canadian Pulp and Paper Industry, Montreal: Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, 1989.

Video

Deadly Deception. INFACT: International: P.O. Box 80013, Minneapolis, MIN 55408, USA.

Organic Cleanup: Microbes and Pollution. Films for Humanities and Sciences. Fort Erie. DMJ6312.

The Poisoned Dream: The Love Canal Nightmare. Films for Humanities and Sciences. Fort Erie. DMJ9031.

Mine Garden. Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont. 1996. 859-31-833

Dirt Police. Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville On. 1994. 859-31-278

Wetlands: Cradles of Life. Lantern Communications Ltd. Oakville Ont. 1995. 859-31-799

Appendices

Appendix I – Is Bigger Always Better? - An Environmental Issue Scenario

Appendix II – Sample Issue Organizer

Appendix III – Action Plan Presentation Rubric

 


Appendix I

Is Bigger Always Better? - An Environmental Issue Scenario

You are an environmental chemist working for the Ontario Ministry of the Environment.

Some members of a Northern Ontario town are concerned about the potential environmental impact on a proposed re-opening and expansion of a nickel mine. They have approached the Ministry of the Environment and have asked for a full investigation into the proposed plans. The Ministry has contacted your company and you have been hired to do a complete investigation.

In an effort to prepare yourself for this job, you get on the Internet and review a recent article from the local newspaper. The following is the article.

 

News clipping from The Gazette: “Town Approves New Deal”

 

Mine to be expanded!  Great news for this depressed Northern Ontario town. The Minerals Canada Company (MCC) has just announced plans to expand the old Brock Nickel mine. The MCC has bought the old mine which was downsized in 1986 and employs only 78 people today. The new company plans to expand and modernize the mine. It expects to employ several hundred more people.

 

In addition to the changes to the mine, an area 10 km from the old mine has just been approved by Town Council for the location of a new residential community. Local people are welcoming this news. The development will mean 500 new family dwellings. The local community is embracing the proposed developments because they know that both projects will bring many new job opportunities. The company has already invested tens of thousands of dollars into initial planning and is anxious to begin.

 

After reading the article, you are immediately concerned for the welfare of the residents in the proposed residential community. You decide to visit the Northern Ontario town immediately to begin your investigation.


Appendix II

Sample Issue Organizer

The issue chosen essentially combines the integrated approach to dealing with waste management under a variety of headings. Through this approach a number of questions are asked and the subject matter is analysed from three perspectives: science and technology; environment, politics and ethics; economy and policies.

Issue

Science and Technology

Environment, Political Considerations and Ethics

Economy and Policies

What is the resource?

Identify the chemical nature of the resource.

Identify the environmental nature of the resource.

Does it pose a hazard to the rest of the environment or health of the community?

How important is this resource to the economy (of individuals, community, and larger society)?

What will be the use and management of the resource?

What properties of this resource make it useful?

How much of an impact on the environment does the use of this resource have?

What are the current environmental laws/policies governing the use and management of this resource?

What are the different applications of this resource?

What is the manufacturing process and its corresponding costs?

What will be the resulting waste generated?

Identify the chemical nature of the waste generated and how it is released into the environment.

What effect will the waste have on the environment and any new residential development?

What are the laws/policies governing the disposal of the waste?

Who is responsible for the disposal of the waste generated?

What is the cost involved?

What is the best waste management strategy proposed?

What technological options are available?

What scientific research is presently being done?

How can it have less of an impact on the environment?

What steps are being taken to alleviate possible impacts?

How should environmental concerns be considered when developing government policies?

Are people made aware of possible hazards to their health, if any such exist?

What are the energy considerations and production costs for the proposed waste management system?

Who should pay?

What are the financial costs limiting the waste management system?

What policies encourage the best waste management strategy and ultimately a reduction in waste?


Appendix III

Action Plan Presentation Rubric

 

Criteria

Level 1

(50-59%)

Level 2

(60-69%)

Level 3

(70-79%)

Level 4

(80-100%)

Knowledge of how science and technology are used in the development of new waste management strategies. (K)

- demonstrates limited knowledge of how science and technology are used.

- demonstrates some knowledge of how science and technology are used.

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of how science and technology are used.

- demonstrates thorough knowledge of how science and technology are used.

Communicates the results of research on the use and management of a resource and the resulting waste generated. (C)

- communicates the results of research with limited clarity and effectiveness.

- communicates the results of research with moderate clarity and effectiveness.

- communicates the results of research with considerable clarity and effectiveness.

- communicates the results of research with a high degree of clarity and effectiveness.

Analyses the impact of economic and political considerations on the choice of waste management strategies. (I, MC)

- analyses the impact with limited effectiveness.

- analyses the impact with moderate effectiveness.

- analyses the impact with considerable effectiveness.

- analyses the impact with a high degree of effectiveness.

Assesses the impact of economic and political considerations on the environment. (MC)

- assesses the impact with limited effectiveness.

- assesses the impact with moderate effectiveness.

- assesses the impact with considerable effectiveness.

- assesses the impact with a high degree of effectiveness.

Advocates for an improved waste management system at the local, regional, or national level of government. (MC)

- advocates for an improved waste management system with limited effectiveness.

- advocates for an improved waste management system with moderate effectiveness.

- advocates for an improved waste management system with considerable effectiveness.

- advocates for an improved waste management system with a high degree of effectiveness.

K – Knowledge          I – Inquiry               C – Communication               MC – Making Connections

Note: A student whose achievement is below Level 1 (50%) has not met the expectations for this assignment or activity.

 

 

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