Course Profile   Transportation Technology, Grade 11, College Preparation, Catholic and Public

 

Unit 4:  Vehicle Systems Design

Time:  40 hours

 

Activity 4.1 | Activity 4.2

Description

In this culminating unit, students apply their knowledge and skills in developing a model or prototype vehicle system to solve specific problems in transporting goods or people. Vehicle designs may be related to aerospace, land, or marine systems studied in Unit 1, testing devices, used in Unit 2 and/or incorporate power systems studied in Unit 3. Project selection may be drawn from vehicle components or systems as found in concept cars or motor-sport, replacement or after-market accessories, testing devices or special use modifications such as those developed for the handicapped. In developing vehicle systems (or improving existing ones), students consider such parameters as economic, environmental, and production methods, as well as design parameters such as ergonomics, efficiency, aerodynamics, and mechanical engineering concepts. Students reflect and create meaningful solutions using a holistic approach to problem solving and decision making with an informed conscience and a goal to work towards the common good.

Unit Synopsis Chart

Activity

Time

Expectations

Assessment

Tasks

4.1 Designing Vehicle Systems

1200 min

TVF.01, TVF.02; TF1.01; TFI.02; SPV.03, SPV.04; SP1.02, SP1.03, SP1.04, SP1.05; ICV.01, ICV.02; IC1.02; IC2.01

CGE2c; CGE3e, CGE3f; CGE4a, CGE4b, CGE4c

Knowledge

Inquiry

Communication

Application

Examine design criteria and develop ideas to solve prescribed design problem.

Examine pictorial drawings and several drawing methods to create plans, calculate dimensions and draw various sections of the vehicle to scale.

Examine fabrication concepts, aerodynamics, aesthetics, and engineering testing.

4.2 Implementing Vehicle Design Ideas

1200 min

TFV.01, TFV.02, TFV.03; TF1.01, TF1.02; SPV.03, SPV.04; SP1.04, SP1.05; SP2.01, P2.02; SP3.01, SP3.05; SP4.02; ICV.02

CGE3f; CGE5f, CGE5g

Knowledge

Inquiry

Communication

Application

Completion of design solution, testing, and presenting

 

Activity 4.1:  Designing Vehicle Systems

Time:  1200 minutes

Description

Students design and build engineered solutions to challenges in transportation vehicles. Students generate ideas through sketching, modelling, testing, and technical drawing techniques. Students examine vehicle design evolution, concepts in aerodynamics, aesthetics, and ergonomics. To develop their ideas, students build models and prototypes, produce pictorial and orthographic drawings, and test components and systems. Students demonstrate consideration of others and take initiative to demonstrate Christian stewardship of the environment and of the workplace.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Theory and Foundation, Skills and Processes, and Impact and Consequences

Theory and Foundation

Overall Expectations

TFV.01 - apply the design process to develop solutions, products, processes, or services in response to challenges or problems in transportation technology;

TFV.02 - describe how materials and processes are used to produce solutions to meet human needs and wants related to transportation;

Specific Expectations

TF1.01 - explain how human needs or wants related to transportation can be met through a new or improved vehicle or system;

TF1.02 - apply the following steps of the design process to solve a variety of transportation technology challenges or problems:

- identify what has to be accomplished (the problem);

- gather and record information, and establish a plan of procedures;

- brainstorm a list of as many solutions as possible;

- identify the resources required for each suggested solution, and compare each solution to the design criteria, refining and modifying it as required;

- evaluate the solutions (e.g., by testing, modeling, and documenting results) and choose the best one;

- produce presentation and working drawings, sketches, graphics, mathematical and physical models, or a prototype of the best solution;

- evaluate the prototype and determine the resources, including computer applications, required to produce it;

- communicate the solution, using one or more of the following: final drawings, graphs, charts, sketches, technical reports, electronic presentations, flow charts, mock-ups, models, prototypes, and so on;

- obtain feedback on the final solution and repeat the design process if necessary to refine or improve the solution.

Skills and Processes

Overall Expectations

SPV.03 - use a variety of communication techniques to model and communicate product ideas, materials, and specifications;

SPV.04 - use mathematical and language skills and apply technological and scientific principles in the design, construction, and modification of vehicles and infrastructure for various modes of transportation.

Specific Expectations

SP1.02 - use computers to help develop, operate, and control transportation systems;

SP1.03 - sketch appropriate solutions to defined problems to scale showing orthographic and isometric views;

SP1.04 - use fabrication techniques to mock up or model potential solutions to a transportation technology challenge;

SP1.05 - test materials and products to develop the best solution to a transportation technology challenge.

Impact and Consequences

Overall Expectations

ICV.01 - make informed decisions that take into consideration the social and environmental consequences related to the transportation sector;

ICV.02 - describe, and apply where appropriate, the exemplary practices that are essential to safe work environments and practices.

Specific Expectations

IC1.02 - describe the possible impact of transportation technology on the environment;

IC2.01 - apply safe work practices when performing transportation-related processes.

Ontario Catholic School Graduation Expectations

CGE2c - presents information and ideas clearly and honestly and with sensitivity to others;

CGE3e - adopts a holistic approach to life by integrating learning from various subject areas and experience;

CGE3f - examines, evaluates, and applies knowledge of interdependent systems (physical, political, ethical, socio-economic, and ecological) for the development of a just and compassionate society;

CGE4a - demonstrates a confident and positive sense of self and respect for the dignity and welfare of others;

CGE4b - demonstrates flexibility and adaptability;

CGE4c - takes initiative and demonstrates Christian leadership.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         A basic understanding of research techniques, basic steps in the design process, and a general understanding of the rules and safety requirements of the technical facility acquired from the previous chapters.

·         Teachers should review basic concepts, particularly safety standards, before initiating, and throughout the activity.

Planning Notes

The important aspects of this activity are:

·         Design and develop solutions by examining systems, such as control, propulsion, powertrains, aerodynamics, and ergonomics, or transportation systems such as rail, marine shipping, trucking, etc.

·         Develop solutions to prescribed transportation problems by applying a step-by-step prototyping procedure.

·         Develop solutions by applying fabrication, modeling and drawings techniques.

·         Develop an understanding of material properties and modeling processes.

·         Identify environmental issues related to the activity (issues such as improvement of fuel consumption, improvement of efficiency of transportation systems, etc.)

·         Teachers pre-select a design situation, ideally based on previous work in the course. The situation and final products can take many forms, including:

·         full-scale alternative power vehicle (human powered, electric vehicles)

·         radio controlled scale model vehicles (airplanes, blimps, boats, land vehicles)

·         full-scale systems re-design (auto, marine, aerodynamic styling alterations, power transmission systems [gears, sprockets, belts, etc.])

·         testing devices or service equipment (ATV ramp hoist/trailer)

·         Typical projects may include an electric powered vehicle for a competition (e.g., Queens Electric Car Race, EVCO race), radio control boats or airplanes to test concepts in aerodynamics, or go-carts altered to test concepts in power transmission, braking, suspensions, or fuel types. An important aspect of any project is to give students the opportunity to engineer solutions to transportation vehicle problems or situations.

·         In this activity, students develop models, test models, plans and drawings to create a vehicle based on provided criteria. The focus of the activities in this unit should be to encourage working models or prototypes, and to engage students in developing mechanisms for control, power, and suspension.

·         Teachers may elect to either present the project as a competition among design groups, or separate students into different design teams to cover aspects of one or more vehicles such as steering, motive power systems, controls, aerodynamics, etc. Teachers are to ensure each student produces their own sketches, and drawings, and participates fully in model production. Each student will sketch orthographic drawings, supplying top, side, and/or front view as required. Students should log their daily hours on the project for later assessment/evaluation or review.

·         Teachers could prepare materials for drawing and modelling such as:

·         sketching paper, pens, pencils, scales, rulers

·         welding rods, brazing and welding equipment (to model frames, if required)

·         cardboard, stiff paper, plastic sheets, sheet metal, tape, and modelling clay for body styling

·         wheels, steering mechanisms, motors, radio control equipment, etc., as required.

·         Teachers should also bring in articles about current issues related to transportation, (from magazines or websites such as Popular Science or Popular Mechanics, newspapers, etc.) for class discussion.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

Stage 1:  Introduction to Current Design Trends

The teacher introduces the activity by leading a class discussion on recent changes in vehicle design, based on systems examined in previous units. Teachers should direct discussions to recent developments in body materials (e.g., plastics, magnesium, the new steel), motive power (e.g., Ballard hydrogen cells), safety (e.g., brakes, handling, passenger elements), or environmental issues (e.g., fuel consumption, trends in SUVs, alternate power vehicles). Students are directed to examine how their upcoming design work will incorporate concepts that improve environmental conditions, social conditions, (e.g., affordable transportation), and/or safety issues. Students are asked to brainstorm issues by listing them on the board or chart paper, and to duplicate the list in their notebooks. This list is kept in the classroom for reference throughout the project.

Stage 2:  Idea Production

Teachers then focus discussion on the selected vehicle design project. Teachers outline criteria and present a design brief. Students are divided into design groups and given specific tasks to develop and build a vehicle based on criteria presented. Students are reminded of their duties as Christians to ensure fair play, respect for their fellow workers, and respect for the environment.

Teachers discuss the elements of a design and product development procedure that students will use to develop their solutions (See Appendix 4-1A – The Prototype Design and Development Process).

Students are given handouts to encourage and direct their efforts (see Appendices 4-1B to 4-1G). Students are given the task individually to develop a proposal of ideas, including a suggested list of team members and responsibilities, suggested procedures, considerations for environmental and/or social issues (such as noise, fuel consumption, respect for nature, etc.), and their plan of action. Students generate ideas through preliminary research and brainstorming through sketching ideas. Students are given the opportunity to explore ideas by fabricating simple models or test models. Proposals are discussed individually or with the team before members proceed to the next step.

Students are to initiate a Design Journal to record their design procedures, their daily log of activities, and testing results.

Stage 3:  Modelling Ideas

The teacher introduces the next phase of the activity by leading a class discussion on prototype design and modelling techniques. (Note: prototyping and modelling design is accomplished through physical fabrication and testing using simple and cheap materials. This technique is most appropriate since drawing, scaling, and calculating dimensions or mechanisms is difficult without first visualizing 3D models.) Teachers demonstrate fabrication techniques such as welding, cutting, bending, joinery, etc., for specific materials such as wood, metal, plastics, and fabric as required, to give students ideas for possible models and project solutions.

Students form into their design groups to discuss their plan of action with the teacher. Teachers approve plans before students begin modelling fabrication.

Teachers reinforce specific safety instructions before students begin modelling fabrication. Students fabricate prototypes, models, and test models to verify the operation of systems, e.g., steering mechanisms, as they are required to prove their solutions.

Stage 4:  Drawing Ideas

Teachers introduce the concept of developing drawings for the manufacture or fabrication of the design solutions. Teachers introduce appropriate computer programs and/or drawing instruments to produce sketched orthogonal views, then to produce finished drawings. Teachers discuss scale, drawing techniques, and measurement. Teachers discuss the basic concepts in orthogonal and isometric drawings.

Students, on an individual basis, produce finished scaled drawings of their designs for assessment and evaluation. (Note: even though designs were developed and tested as a group, each student is required to produce their own set of drawings.)

Teachers discuss, in a class situation, solutions with each design group. Each group describes their solutions, the problems they encountered, and the rationale behind their design decisions.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

It is important that teachers distribute assessment/evaluation rubrics at the initiation of the activity to guide students’ development and to direct their efforts (See Appendix 4-1F- Vehicle System Design Evaluation Rubric). Students are evaluated on demonstrated knowledge of the design and product development process, modeling and testing, through sketches and/or models, accuracy of scale/measurements, and presentation of rationalization of ideas. The tools to use for assessment and evaluation include the Design Brief, models and prototypes, fabrication drawings, presentation of solutions, and daily observation of safe working habits and effort.

Accommodations

Various accommodations may be made throughout the program to assist students with special needs. Possible program accommodations may include ensuring availability of accessible equipment and tools, enlarged print, and extra handouts and research materials. Other accommodations may include extra teacher-student conferencing, teacher-student-parent conferencing, small group learning, peer tutoring, and the use of a buddy system.

Opportunities for enrichment may include requirements for cost analysis, research reports on material properties as related to the project, or requiring detailed computer-generated drawings such as 3D modelling.

Resources

(Note: use search terms related to specific project in search engine or catalogue sites)

Scotty's Centre for Technology Education, (Scotty's Design Shack, on design teaching
 - http://www.millenniumwave.com

Engine Design
 - http://www.aera.org/main.htm

Inner Auto
 - www.innerauto.com

Popular Mechanics Magazine
 - http://www.popularmechanics.com/

Society of Automotive Engineers
 - http://www.sae.org/index.htm

Print Resources

Stirling, Norman. Introduction To Technical Drawings. Gage Publishing Limited, 1980.
ISBN 0-7715-0326-1

Erjavec, Jack. Automotive Technology. A Systems Approach, 3rd ed. Delmar Thompson Learning, 2000.
ISBN 0-7668-0673-1

Crouse. W., D. Anglin, and W. Crouse. Automotive Mechanics. Glencoe McGraw-Hill, 1993.
ISBN 0028009436

Schwaller, Anthony E. Transportation Energy and Power Technology. Glencoe McGraw-Hill.
ISBN 0-8273-3227-0

Bamsey, I. The Anatomy and Development of the Sports Prototype Racing Car. England: Haynes Publishing, 1991. ISBN 0-87938-586-3

Other

Ministry of Transportation Emission Laws

Ontario Health and Safety Act

Oxy-acetylene welding textbooks and MIG welding textbooks

Telephone directories

Industrial directories

Teachers should consult with teachers from other schools on project possibilities and for arranging local competitions. The Internet has many examples of competitions that can be used to determine strategy.

Competitions

EVCO Electrathon
 - www.igs.net/~darrylmcmahon/otthon99.html

Queen’s University Electric Car Race
educ.queensu.ca/~techstd/gecr1999.htm

Skills Canada
 - www.skillscanada.ca


Appendix 4-1A

The Prototype Design and Development Process

Back of the Envelope Design

Define the situation or problem to be addressed.

Describe the “Big Issues” criteria that needs to be addressed (e.g., cost, materials, timeframes, client and/or user needs).

Develop and suggest a solution for testing the Prime Generator.

Model and test the solution.

Describe other criterion that is discovered through modelling and testing, e.g., fabrication/fitting problems, structural problems, etc.

Redefine and modify the solution, and re-test as required.

Define dimensions, components, and fabrication details based on completed testing.

Complete the drawings for the fabrication of the solution.

Fabricate, and adapt the solution as required, and modify the solution and drawings as required.

Develop a report and analyse how improvements can be made in further work.

(adapted from the work of Michael Scott, millenniumWAVE Technologies)


Appendix 4-1B

Project Rationale Sample

Example projects…rationalizing the criteria

Project

Electric Vehicle

Exhaust Flow/Temp. Sampler

A.T.V. Service Trailer

Innovation or Development

i)    development of the school’s existing chassis

ii)   prototype new chassis/components

diagnostic emissions testing

multi-purpose vehicle carrier/workstation

Function

as per EVOC or similar entry rules

testing procedure/device for assessing exhaust blockage

improved service procedures

Vehicle, System or Component

i)    systems, components

ii)   vehicle

system

vehicle

Fabrication Requirements

i)    modifying hubs, motors, etc.

ii)   jig method frame manufacturing

procedure development

electronic/mechanical component assembly

metal fabrication

“Parts bin” Requirements

i)    hubs, motors, steering knuckles, etc.

ii)   schedule steel stock

electronic components

sample specifications compilation

Winch hydraulic ram safety devices

Min. Performance Benchmark

i)    meets entry requirements

ii)   progression from beginning stage prototype

valid test result

Roadworthy safe

High Performance Benchmark

i)    successful competition results

ii)   improved competition standings

proofed set of samples successful diagnosis

manufacturable

Instruction, Documentation, Follow-up

i)    project log, developable project results

ii)   design peak or “legacy” project for successive years program

data bank instructions patent possibilities

patent possibilities sportsmens’ show entry

 


Appendix 4-1D

The Artistic to Engineering Process

 

Brainstorming Matrix (note to teacher: change headings as appropriate to project)

Answer in point form how each box will be addressed in your design.

CONCEPTS

User Needs Issue (environment, social, safety)

Engineering Issues (structure, joinery, fabrication techniques)

Aesthetic/Marketing Design (style, colour, efficiency)

Needs analysis

How to illustrate how you addressed the problem, and why

 

 

 

Visualization

How to demonstrate ideas; is it easy for others to see what you are attempting

 

 

 

Range of Ideas

How to illustrate the ideas you looked at to arrive at possible solutions

 

 

 

Modeling

How best to model and test the ideas

 

 

 

 

Materials

What materials are appropriate, how are they joined, what considerations are needed

 

 

 

Tools, Resources

What is available; what tools and techniques are available

 

 

 

Time Constraints

How to illustrate the time it would take to develop the concept, to fabricate the solution

 

 

 

 


Appendix 4-1C

Define the Challenge:  Developing a Design Brief

(Use this to come up with ideas for creating your Design Brief)

 

Define the Big Challenge:

 

 

 

 

Criteria (what needs to be considered)

 

 

 

 

Brainstorming and Research (list sources)

 

 

 

 

Safety (list safety issues pertaining to the challenge)

 

 

 

 

List technical skills (needed in developing the solution)

 

 

 

 

The Team (who and what each will do for the team effort)

 

 

 

 

When (when will things get done and who is responsible)

 


Appendix 4-1D

Develop A Framework:  Brainstorming ideas

During the design process, brainstorming helps to determine if an idea is practical, feasible or attainable, once it has been designed. Many of the hybrid /prototypes vehicles never make it beyond the planning stage. Brainstorming in vehicle design may require constant sketching to reflect the changing modifications and effectively communicate those changes to your peers.

Ideas

Sketches

1-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Appendix 4-1E

Develop A Framework: Solutions to Test

 

Choose some concepts or ideas you have and list the good (PROS) points and the bad (CONS) of your ideas. No idea is too crazy!!

 

Pros

Cons

1-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Appendix 4-1f

Vehicle System Design Evaluation Rubric

 

Expectation

Level-1
(50 - 59%)

Level-2
(60 - 69%)

Level-3
(70 - 79%)

Level-4
(80 - 100%)

The student can identify the prototyping procedure to produce a solution to a given problem

- demonstrates limited knowledge of the prototyping procedure to produce a solution to a given problem

- demonstrates some knowledge of the prototyping procedure to produce a solution to a given problem

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of the prototyping procedure to produce a solution to a given problem

- demonstrates thorough knowledge of the prototyping procedure to produce a solution to a given problem

The student demonstrates competence in examining range of ideas

- demonstrates limited competence in examining range of ideas

- demonstrates some competence in examining range of ideas

- demonstrates considerable competence in examining range of ideas

- demonstrates exceptional competence in examining range of ideas

The student can properly identify major issues outlined in design challenge (i.e., ergonomics, aerodynamics, etc.)

- demonstrates limited knowledge of design issues

- demonstrates some knowledge of design issues

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of design issues

- demonstrates exceptional knowledge of design issues

The student has tested and rationalized engineering aspects of design

- demonstrates limited effort in testing, limited knowledge of rationalization

- demonstrates adequate effort in testing, adequate knowledge of rationalization

 -demonstrates comprehensive effort in testing, comprehensive knowledge of rationalization

- demonstrates exceptional comprehensive effort in testing, exceptional knowledge of rationalization

Scientific and engineering concepts have been researched and incorporated

- demonstrates limited knowledge of scientific and engineering concepts

- demonstrates some knowledge of scientific and engineering concepts

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of scientific and engineering concepts

- demonstrates exceptional knowledge of scientific and engineering concepts

Demonstrates knowledge of environmental issues in rationalizing design decisions

- demonstrates limited knowledge of environmental issues in rationalizing design decisions

- demonstrates some knowledge of environmental issues in rationalizing design decisions

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of environmental issues in rationalizing design decisions

- demonstrates exceptional knowledge of environmental issues in rationalizing design decisions

The student has completed the prototype safely and with respect to others

- seldom works safely, or respects others and facility

- sometimes demonstrates safe working habits and respect for others

- usually demonstrates safe working habits and respect for others

- always demonstrates safe working procedures, demonstrates leadership in working with others

The student can produce accurate scaled drawings

- demonstrates limited understanding and competence in scaling drawings

- demonstrates some understanding and competence in scaling drawings

- demonstrates considerable understanding and competence in scaling drawings

- demonstrates exceptional understanding and competence in scaling drawings

Note: A student whose achievement is below level 1 (50%) has not met the expectations for this assignment or activity.

 

 

Appendix 4-1G

Sample Student Log Sheet

 

Student:                                                                                    Course:

 

Date

Hours

Project

Activity Performed

Teach Sig.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Hours

Student Signature/date:

Instructor Signature/date:

 


Activity 4.2:  Implementing Vehicle Design Ideas

Time:  120 minutes

Description

Students implement designs developed in the previous activity. Students fabricate completed design solutions, test for operative elements, and present solutions to the class. Students analyze and test material properties in their solutions, and describe scientific and engineering principles used in their designs. Students achieve excellence, originality, and integrity in one’s own work and support these qualities in the work of others through Christian leadership.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Theory and Foundation, Skills and Processes Impact and Consequences

Theory and Foundation

Overall Expectations

TFV.01 - apply the design process to develop solutions, products, processes, or services in response to challenges or problems in transportation technology

TFV.02 - describe how materials and processes are used to produce solutions to meet human needs and wants related to transportation

TFV.04 - describe the forms of energy used to power vehicles and transportation systems and explain the different types of energy conversion used for each.

Specific Expectations

TF1.01 - explain how human needs or wants related to transportation can be met through a new or improved vehicle or system

TF1.02 - apply the following steps of the design process to solve a variety of transportation technology challenges or problems:

- identify what has to be accomplished (the problem);

- gather and record information, and establish a plan of procedures;

- brainstorm a list of as many solutions as possible;

- identify the resources required for each suggested solution, and compare each solution to the design criteria, refining and modifying it as required;

- evaluate the solutions (e.g., by testing, modelling, and documenting results) and choose the best one;

- produce presentation and working drawings, sketches, graphics, mathematical and physical models, or a prototype of the best solution;

- evaluate the prototype and determine the resources, including computer applications, required to produce it;

- communicate the solution, using one or more of the following: final drawings, graphs, charts, sketches, technical reports, electronic presentations, flow charts, mock-ups, models, prototypes, and so on;

- obtain feedback on the final solution and repeat the design process if necessary to refine or improve the solution.

Skills and Processes

Overall Expectations

SPV.03 - use a variety of communication techniques to model and communicate product ideas, materials, and specifications;

SPV.04 - use mathematical and language skills and apply technological and scientific principles in the design, construction, and modification of vehicles and infrastructure for various modes of transportation.

Specific Expectations

SP1.04 - use fabrication techniques to mock up or model potential solutions to a transportation technology challenge;

SP1.05 - test materials and products to develop the best solution to a transportation technology challenge;

SP2.01 - select and use a wide variety of hand and machine tool procedures to repair, service, fabricate, and modify a vehicle or a transportation system;

SP2.02 - measure electrical flow, weight, capacity, length, area, volume, and pressure when diagnosing problems in vehicles and transportation systems;

SP3.01 - interpret assembly drawings to identify and describe the components of a vehicle or a transportation system;

SP3.05 - prepare and present effective oral reports about a product or process;

SP4.02 - apply appropriate scientific principles or practices when selecting and specifying materials, determining forms of energy conversion and power transfer, and designing ergonomically effective vehicles.

Impact and Consequences

Overall Expectations

ICV.02 - describe, and apply where appropriate, the exemplary practices that are essential to safe work environments and practices.

Specific Expectations

IC2.01 - apply safe work practices when performing transportation-related processes.

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE3f - examines, evaluates, and applies knowledge of interdependent systems (physical, political, ethical, socio-economic, and ecological) for the development of a just and compassionate society;

CGE5f - exercises Christian leadership in the achievement of individual and group goals;

CGE5g - achieves excellence, originality, and integrity in one’s own work and supports these qualities in the work of others.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

Teachers should review basic safety procedures throughout the activity. A basic understanding of modelling and fabrication techniques, reading scaled drawings, and measurement techniques developed in previous activities.

Planning Notes

Students fabricate their solutions to the vehicle design project initiated in Activity 1. Teachers should ensure all materials and tools are ready before initiating this activity. Teachers should also ensure all safety equipment, signage, guards, safety eyewear, etc., are readily in place, and that all students have been properly trained on the specific equipment required to complete their projects.

Teachers are to ensure students are maintaining their journal/logs (see Appendix 4-1G). These logs are to be incorporated in their Design Report, and used to assess individual student effort in group activities.

Teachers may elect to invite community guests to the final presentation/competition.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

Stage 1:  Fabrication of Designs

Students are given the task of implementing their design ideas from Activity 4.1. Teachers approve models/mock ups/prototypes from Activity 4.1 before students begin to implement their designs. The teacher ensures that students are aware of proper procedures and safety precautions prior to equipment use.

Teachers approve design changes during student progress, and make students aware of any potential problems of their design. Students must explain to the teacher the need for any modifications to the original design. Students must document any changes in their daily logs or project journals.

Teachers initiate discussion with students to develop concrete action plans to ensure completion of this activity. Students develop a plan of action (see Appendix 4-2A). Students are reminded of the qualities of leadership, and how as Christians we have a responsibility to strive toward excellence in all our work, and to assist others in that goal. Catholic goals are to be included in the Action Plan.

Students complete their work using safe and clean practices. Designs are fabricated from drawings and models produced in Activity 4.1. Any further modifications to designs are to be reflected back to original drawings, and incorporated in to the engineering report .

Stage 2:  Engineering Report

Students develop an engineering report (see Appendix 4-2B, and 4-2C) outlining engineering aspects of their designs, including:

·         a report of materials used in their solutions. (describing material properties);

·         a description of the energy system used for motive power;

·         a description of the control system used (steering, stopping, speed control);

·         a description of the process they used to develop the solution, including a log of their hours spent on each aspect of the task;

·         a description of how their design can improve transportation of goods or people.

Stage 3:  Presentation

Students present their project to the class and invited guests. They explain the process that was followed to complete the project. Students present their findings and conclusions on the viability of the vehicle design addressing the engineering issues outlined in Activity 4.1. (This presentation may take place before or after any competition if applicable.)

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

Students are assessed daily on safe and clean working habits, following rules and guidelines, and demonstration of measurement and scaling skills. Students are evaluated on proper use of materials and material fabrication processes, and the quality of finished products. Students are evaluated individually (see Appendix 4.2D, Sample Vehicle Design Assessment Chart). The Engineering Report and Design Journal are used for evaluation, along with verbal conferencing and presentations.

Accommodations

Program accommodations may include ensuring availability of accessible equipment and tools, extra help in organization of time, or with specific fabrication tasks such as welding. Other accommodations may include extra teacher-student conferencing, teacher-student-parent conferencing, small group learning, peer tutoring, and the use of a buddy system.

Opportunities for enrichment may include enhanced detailed research reports on engineering or scientific principles as related to the project, in-depth testing of materials or physical aspects of the vehicles, or requiring detailed computer generated drawings or animations.

Resources

(refer to sites listed in 4-1a)

Print Resources

Jensen, Cecil H. Interpreting Engineering Drawings. Delmar Publishers, 1980.
ISBN 0-17-601756-9

Jellison, R. Welding Fundamentals, 1st ed. Prentice Hall, 1996. ISBN 0-13-107178-5

Other

Manuals on specific fabrication tools

Ontario Health and Safety Act

WHMIS MDS sheets as applicable

 

 

 

 

Appendix 4-2A

Action Plan

Research the necessary skills required (materials, carving techniques, etc.).

Demonstrate the safe use of a variety of tools /technology in completing prototypes assembly.

Delegate the work equally between all group members.

 

WHO DOES WHAT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW

Safe operating techniques Safety considerations

WHAT TECHNOLOGY DO WE NEED

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WHAT SKILLS DO WE NEED

 


Appendix 4-2B

Engineering Report Format Template

 

1.   Title Page

The title page is used to grab the attention of the reader. As such, it should contain some form of illustration that appeals to the reader. It should also contain the name of the report, the name(s) of the person(s) that produced the report, for whom the report has been prepared, and the date of production.

2.   Problem Statement

The problem statement describes the identified needs and situation of the project at hand. This statement is very brief (approximately one or two sentences).

3.   Design Criteria

This section outlines the set of factors that will influence the design, such as cost considerations, size limitations, user requirements, material or component properties, etc. This is the section that guides the design. It may be in bullet form, but as much detail as known should be here.

4.   Procedure Notes

This should be an in-depth account of the process used in the design and fabrication of the product. The sentences in each paragraph should be kept short and to the point. It should describe the route used to determine the solution to the design challenge, including research conducted, sources of information, modeling and testing of ideas and their results.

5.   Materials

List all the materials and analysis of their properties (including costs if applicable), used in the fabrication of the final product.

6.   Drawings or Illustrations

Include all drawings or illustrations that were used in the development and fabrication of the project. This includes rough sketches, technical drawings, and illustrations and/or photographs of models or products. Ensure all drawings are properly labelled and descriptive.

7.   Conclusion

Describe the results of the process of finding a solution to the design challenge. Include the results of testing solutions. Include a description on how each of the design criteria was met (or not). Describe possible improvements or modifications for future work. Suggest other users or situations that may benefit from your research and/or testing.

8.   References

This is a list of all reference materials that students used in order to complete the project, including books, articles, interviews, and Internet sources.

9.   Log Sheet

From your daily log records, list the dates and amount of hours taken for each facet of the project. Each team member should include his or her personal time log.


Appendix 4-2C

Sample Vehicle Design Report Rubric

 

Criteria

Level 1
(50 – 59%)

Level 2
(60 – 69%)

Level 3
(70 – 79%)

Level 4
(80 – 100%)

Knowledge/ Understanding

Project Requirements

TFV.02, TFV.04; TF1.01

- demonstrates limited knowledge of project requirements and material selection

- demonstrates some knowledge of project requirements and material selection

- demonstrates considerable knowledge of project requirements and material selection

- demonstrates thorough knowledge of project requirements and material selection

Thinking/Inquiry

Design

TFV.01; TF1.02; SP1.05; SP2.01; SP3.01

- applies few of the skills involved in a design process

- applies some of the skills involved in a design process

- applies most of the skills involved in a design process

- applies all or almost all of the skills involved in a design process

Communication

Drawing Conventions

SPV.03, SPV.04; SP1.04; SP2.02; SP3.05

- uses language, symbols, and visuals with limited accuracy and effectiveness

- uses language, symbols, and visuals with some accuracy and effectiveness

- uses language, symbols, and visuals with considerable accuracy and effectiveness

- uses language, symbols, and visuals with a high degree of accuracy and effectiveness

Application

Model Building

ICV.02; IC2.01

- uses procedures, equipments, and technology safely and correctly only with supervision

- uses procedures, equipments, and technology safely and correctly with some supervision

- uses procedures, equipments, and technology safely and correctly

- demonstrates and promotes the safe and correct use of procedures, equipments, and technology

Note: A student whose achievement is below level 1 (50%) has not met the expectations for this assignment or activity.

 


Appendix 4-2D

Sample Vehicle Design Assessment Chart

 

At the end of this activity, students and teachers evaluate the appropriate sections of this assessment chart.

 

Student:

Student self evaluation:

Please refer to the rubrics supplied (Appendix 4-2C) to evaluate your performance and check off what you consider is the correct level for your own work, and return this to the teacher for evaluation.

 

Expectation

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Design Brief

 

 

 

 

Sketches

 

 

 

 

Scaled Drawings

 

 

 

 

Models/prototypes

 

 

 

 

Safe and clean procedures

 

 

 

 

Presentation of solution

 

 

 

 

Engineering concepts

 

 

 

 

Prototype construction techniques

 

 

 

 

Prototype quality

 

 

 

 

Finished product quality

 

 

 

 

Design report

 

 

 

 

Final Presentation

 

 

 

 

 


Appendix 4-2D  (Continued)

 

Teacher evaluation by:

 

Please refer to the rubrics supplied (Appendix 4-2C) to assess this student’s performance and check off the correct level.

 

Expectation

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 4

Design Brief

 

 

 

 

Sketches

 

 

 

 

Scaled Drawings

 

 

 

 

Models/prototypes

 

 

 

 

Safe and clean procedures

 

 

 

 

Presentation of solution

 

 

 

 

Engineering concepts

 

 

 

 

Prototype construction techniques

 

 

 

 

Prototype quality

 

 

 

 

Finished product quality

 

 

 

 

Design report

 

 

 

 

Final Presentation

 

 

 

 

Final Unit Evaluation and Comments

 

 

 

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