Course Profile   World History: The West and the World (CHY4C), Grade 12, College Preparation, Public

 

Unit 4:  1914 to the Present Day – A Century of Destruction and

                   Reconstruction

Time:  28 hours

 

Activity 1 | Activity 2 | Activity 3 | Activity 4 | Activity 5 | Activity 6

 

Unit Description

Students explore global events since 1914 from a thematic perspective. Students examine the themes of Conflict and Revolution, International Organizations and Human Rights, Decolonization and Globalization, Economic and Technological Change, and the Arts in order to make sense of the monumental changes that occurred in the 20th Century. These changes resulted in the destruction of old institutions and beliefs and the construction of new institutions and values, thus setting the stage for the new millennium. By means of activities such as work stations, the production of a picture book, Internet data collection and quick fact presentations, comparison charts, mind maps, posters and case studies, students analyse and synthesize key conflicts and revolutions of the time period, explore the process and impact of decolonization and globalization, describe and assess a variety of governmental and non-governmental world organizations and assess the impact of economic and technological change. As culminating activities for this unit, students prepare an individual and group project. In small groups, students research and present how the Arts responded to the key themes of the unit in a Coffee House set up. Individually, students prepare Trading Cards for the significant individuals of the 20th Century which are shared in a “Trading Card Convention.” Based on data collected at the “Exchange,” students select the top three people of the 20th Century and defend their selection.

Unit Overview Chart

Cluster

Learning Expectations

Assessment Categories

Focus/Activity

4.1
Conflict and Revolution

 

6.25 hours

COV.03, CO3.01, CO3.02, CCV.03, CC3.03, HIV.01, HI1.02, HI1.03, HIV.02, HI2.03, HIV.03, HI3.01, HI3.03, HIV.04

K/U
T/I
A
C

Conflict and Revolution – A Century at a Glance

Students review major events of the 20th Century through a brief diagnostic activity.

Cause and Effect and Conflict

Using World War I as a model, students review the causes and consequences of conflict. Students apply this knowledge of cause and effect to key conflicts and revolutions of the 20th Century. Using a ‘regional work station approach’ students collect and record data on a selection of conflicts and revolutions in the 20th Century.

Young Person’s Picture Book

Using the data collected, students select a balanced representation of conflicts and revolutions and record them in a short chronologically and regionally organized picture book. Reflections are made on similarities, differences, and consequences of conflict.

4.2
Decolonization

 

 

6.25 hours

COV.02, CO2.03, CHV.02, CH2.03, SEV.02, SE2.04, HIV.01, HI1.02, HI1.03, HIV.03, HI3.01, HI3.03, HIV.04, HI4.01, HI4.03

K/U
T/I
A
C

Decolonization – National Self-Determination

In a class discussion, students analyse the principal of national self-determination and its application in the post-World War I world.

Quick Fact Case Study

Students prepare and present a mini report “Map/Quick Facts” case study of selected nations’ decolonization experience in the post-World War II period.

Globalization: The New Imperialism

Globalization is addressed, analysed, and debated in class.

4.3
Peace, Security, and Human Rights

 

 

5 hours

COV.03, C03.03, CO3.04, CHV.04, CH4.02, CH4.03, CH4.04, SEV.03, SE3.05, HIV.01, HI1.02, HI1.03, HIV.02, HI2.03, HI2.05, HIV.03, HI3.01, HI3.03, HIV.04, HI4.01, HI4.04

K/U
T/I
A
C

Peace, Security, and Human Rights – Collective Rights

In a comparison of the League of Nations and the United Nations, Military Alliances and Economic Organizations, students explore the nature and promotion of collective national rights.

Individual Rights

Students prepare and present an Information Poster on a variety of human rights organizations and their success in promoting human rights. Based on these posters and the oral report, students judge which organizations should be selected for the Nobel Peace Prize of the 20th Century. In a letter to the Nobel Prize Committee, students justify their selection.

4.4
Economic and Technological Milestones of the 20th Century

 

 

3.5 hours

COV.02, CO2.01, CCV.01 CC1.04, SEV.01, SE1.02, SEV.02, SE2.02, SE2.03, SEV.04, SE4.02, HIV.01, HI1.02, HIV.02, HI2.04, HIV.04, HI4.01, HI4.03

K/U
A
C

Economic and Technological Milestones – Challenges of the 20th Century

Students read a brief summary “case study” of major economic developments/events since 1914. Using a jigsaw strategy, students exchange information on their case study. The class discusses the changing role of government and the ways people have responded to economic challenges and events. Students write a quiz to measure knowledge and understanding.

Innovations of the 20th Century

Using a prepared template organizer, students use a pre-selected Internet Site to collect data on the major technological innovations since 1914, assess their impact, and record their global accessibility.

4.5

Art as a Reflection of Society

 

 

3.5 hours

CHV.03, CH3.01 CH3.02, CH3.03 CH3.04, HIV.01, HI1.02, HI1.03, HIV.02, HI2.03, HI2.04; HIV.03, HI3.01, HI3.03, HIV.04, HI4.01, HI4.02, HI4.03, HI4.04

K/U
T/I
A
C

Art as a Reflection of Society – Coffee House Forum

Students representing a variety of music, art and literature of the 20th Century, present how their particular artist or genre reflected the themes of conflict, revolution, human rights, and economic and technological change of the Century. Students bring samples of music, art, and literature to share with the class. Based on their experience, students record how artists reflect and project trends in society. Comparisons are made to previous periods in history.

4.6
Trading Card Convention

 

 

3.5 hours

CCV.01, CC1.03, SEV.04, SE4.03, HIV.01, HI1.02, HI1.03, HIV.02, HI2.03, HI2.05, HIV.03, HI3.01, HI3.02, HI3.03, HIV.04, HI4.01

K/U
T/I
A
C

Trading Card Convention of Key Individuals – Culminating Activity

Students research and prepare a 4" x 3" Trading Card of a key individual of the 20th Century. Cards include a picture of the individual, a summary of their accomplishments, and an assessment of their contribution to the 20th Century. Cards are exchanged at a Convention, and based on the data collected, students select and defend their choice of the top 3 personalities of the 20th Century. Students write a unit test. Time is allocated for students to add to their “Retro-Review” tracking folder.

 

Activity 1:  Conflict and Revolution

Time:  6.25 hours

Description

Students investigate various conflicts and revolutions of the 20th Century based on a causation framework. The teacher reviews the causation model through an analysis of World War I and reviews the concepts of indirect and direct causes, the hierarchy of causes, chronology, and impact. Students may apply their knowledge of causation to World War II. Using this expertise, students apply the causation model to various 20th century conflicts and revolutions. They collect data at geographically organized workstations and complete a map of conflict flash points. Students synthesize the information through the creation of a young person’s picture book based on two revolutions and two conflicts. The students organize the book geographically and chronologically around their chosen events. A page in the book is dedicated to reflections on the similarities and differences of the causes and the key consequences of conflict.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Communities: Local, National, and Global; Citizenship and Heritage;
                        Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

COV.03 - valuate key factors that have led to conflict and war or to cooperation and peace;

CCV.03 - demonstrate an understanding of the importance and use of chronology and cause and effect in historical analyses of developments in the West and throughout the world since the 16th Century;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the steps in the process of historical interpretation and analysis;

HIV.03 - communicate opinions based on effective research clearly and concisely;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CO3.01 - describe the key factors that have led to conflict and war;

CO3.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the consequences of war;

CC3.03 - describe how an understanding of cause-and-effect relationships serves as an essential tool for historical analysis;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information;

HI1.03 - organize research findings, using a variety of methods and forms;

HI2.03 - identify and describe relationships and connections in the data studied;

HI3.01 - communicate effectively, using a variety of styles and forms;

HI3.03 - express opinions and conclusions clearly, articulately, and in a manner that respects the opinions of others.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students have studied causation and the causes of World War I and II in Canadian History in the 20th Century.

·         Students are familiar with research and creative projects from previous courses.

Planning Notes

·         Locate a reading on the causes of World War II.

·         Prepare resources for regionally organized conflict and revolution work-stations (i.e., Asia, South-East Asia, Americas, Europe, Middle East and Africa).

·         Students are reminded about the “Netiquette”: safe Internet use policy for their school.

·         Book computer lab and VCRs for workstations.

·         Provide a world map on which students record the conflict “flash-points.”

·         Prepare a handout outlining the workstation exercise and the young person’s book.

·         Create a rubric to assess the young person’s book.

·         Locate a world political map and a selection of children’s books to be used as models.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   The teacher reviews the concept of causation using World War I as an example. The students analyse the background and immediate causes, as well as their impact. Students organize the causes into a hierarchy of importance and present their lists.

2.   The teacher leads a discussion on the importance of each cause among different students, based on the questions: “Would historians also have different hierarchies when analysing events?” and “What difficulty does this pose to students researching historic events?”

3.   If necessary, students may work in pairs and repeat the above process with a reading on the causes of the World War II.

4.   The teacher introduces the terms “conflict” and “revolution,” the “Conflicts Flash-Points” world map and the “Young Person’s Book.”

5.   Students create geographically organized “Revolution and Conflict” workstations.

6.   Students form small groups. They gather information on a data collection sheet that sets up the categories to be emphasized in the storybook. Students record each of the conflicts on a “Conflict Flash-Points” map as they visit each geographically organized workstation.

7.   Once the research is completed, students are provided with examples of children’s books to use as models for their book. Based on their research, students choose two conflicts and two revolutions to feature in their book. A suggested length for the book would be one page per topic and a synthesis page. The target audience should be Grades 5–8. These conflicts and revolutions serve as the basis for students to apply the causation framework, analyse the similarities and differences and the key causes of the conflicts. Students complete the storybook as homework.

8.   Students share books with other students who read about different conflicts and revolutions. A quiz may be used to test for knowledge and understanding of key concepts.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.)

3 – Using the expectations being assessed, design a checklist for observing students’ Knowledge/Understanding of causation.

7 – Using the expectations being assessed, design a rubric or rating scale for the summative teacher evaluation of “Young Person’s Book.”

7 – Using the expectations being assessed, design a quiz to measure the students’ Knowledge/Understanding of world conflicts and revolutions.

Accommodations

·         A visual model of the causation framework may assist students in their understanding.

·         Chunking instructions will assist students with communication problems.

·         The teacher creates an acronym outline sheet that provides scaffolding of the causes and effects of World War II.

·         Peer or teacher assistance may be required when students are categorizing the causes into similarities and differences.

·         Some students may require a word processor to assist with their spelling and grammar.

·         Enrichment: Students may substitute the youth book for a computer-based cartoon creation.

Resources

Print

Bell, P.M.H. The World Since 1945: An International History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0340662360

Bulliet, Richard, ed. The Columbia History of the 20th Century. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998. ISBN 0231076290

Cormack, Patrica, ed. Manifestos and Declarations of the Twentieth Century. Toronto: Garamond Press. ISBN 15519301451998

Christopher, James and George G. Wittet. Modern Western Civilization. Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1991. ISBN 019540661

Derfler, Leslie, ed. An Age of Conflict: Readings in Twentieth Century European History. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc., San Diego. 1990. ISBN 0155020765

Duncan, Andrew. Trouble Spots: the World Atlas of Strategic Information. London: Sutton Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0750921714

Fielding, John and Rosemary Evans. Canada Our Century, Our Story. Scarborough: Nelson Thomson Learning, 2000. ISBN 0176200010

Goff, Richard, W. Moss, J. Terry, and J. Upshur. The Twentieth Century: A Brief Global History. Boston: McGraw Hill, 1998. ISBN 0070244618

Howard, Michael and Louis, Wm. Roger. The Oxford History of the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0912853708

Hughes, William, ed. The Annual Edition Series: Western Civilization, Vol. II. Dushkin Publishing Group, Guilford. 1995. ISBN 1561343757

Laver, John, Chris Rowe, and Alan Midgely. Years of Division: Europe Since 1945. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1999. ISBN 0340697261

Wolfson, Robert and John Laver. Years of Change: Europe 1890-1945. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1997. ISBN 0 40630876

Videos

World Wars and the Quest for Order: The Early 20th Century (1900-1955). Videocassette. Clearview/eav. Prod. Magic Lantern Communications. Dist., 1995.

The Causes of World War. Time-Life Education. Classroom Video

The Russian Revolution. Classroom Video Coquitlam, B. C. 1998

Websites

Chronicles of Conflicts: Vietnam War. December 2, 2001. http://library.thinkquest.org/25909/.

Cuban Missile Crisis: Time line. Thinkquest. November 11, 2001.
– http://library.thinkquest.org/11046/days/timeline.html

Modern World History: Russian Revolution. BBC Education. October 14, 2001.
– www.bbc.co.uk/education/modern/russia/russ1htm.htm

Untitled Document. November 26, 2001. – www.cnn.com/interactive/specials/0007/mideast.who/ (biographies of key personalities on Middle Eastern conflict)

Wars and Conflict. Peace Pledge Union. United Kingdom. February 9, 2002.
– www.ppu.org.uk/war/interactive/conflict_interactive.html

White, Matthew. Historical Atlas of the Twentieth Century. February 9, 2002.
– http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/20centry.htm

 

Activity 2:  Decolonization

Time:  6.25 hours

Description

Students analyse the inconsistent application of Wilson’s principal of self-determination in the post-World War I context. Students are presented with the question: “Why were European countries offered sovereignty, while colonial countries were not?” Through the preparation and presentation of a Map/Quick Facts Poster, students explore the reasons for decolonization, the results of decolonization, as well as describe the role of key individuals and the current state of affairs. The students draw on the evidence presented by the groups to write a letter that presents a case for compensation by the imperial/colonial power to their former colonies. Through an informal debate, students explore the pros/cons of globalization with the purpose of answering whether it is the “new imperialism.”

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Communities: Local, National, and Global; Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

COV.02 - describe key elements of various types of interactions that have occurred among diverse peoples and cultures since the 16th Century;

CHV.02 - describe ideas and cultures from around the world that have influenced the course of world history since the 16th Century;

SEV.02 - describe significant economic developments in the West and the rest of the world since the 16th Century;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.03 - communicate opinions based on effective research clearly and concisely;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CO2.03 - describe pivotal events, issues, and personalities associated with the process of decolonization during the twentieth century;

CH2.03 - demonstrate an understanding of how European imperialism transformed traditions in the non-Western world;

SE2.04 - demonstrate an understanding of the consequences of global economic interrelationships that developed in the 20th Century;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information;

HI1.03 - organize research findings, using a variety of methods and forms;

HI3.01 - communicate effectively, using a variety of styles and forms;

HI3.03 - express opinions and conclusions clearly, articulately, and in a manner that respects the opinions of others;

HI4.01 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively in reaching conclusions about both assigned questions and issues and those conceived independently;

HI4.03 - demonstrate an ability to work independently and collaboratively and to seek and respect the opinions of others.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students are familiar with Wilson’s Fourteen Points from Canadian History in the 20th Century

Planning Notes

·         Locate a copy of Wilson’s Fourteen Points (5–13).

·         Prepare a list of Internet sites that will assist student research.

·         Prepare a Map/Quick Facts exemplar demonstrating the concept of a map with a flip up facts section.

·         Book computer lab for student research.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   Students brainstorm the concept of self-determination and evaluate its importance. The teacher draws connections to the last activity by introducing and discussing Wilson’s Fourteen Points as one of the possible solutions to the problems of post-World War I Europe, and self-determination as an important concept during the peace negotiations.

2.   The teacher poses the following question to the class: “Why were European countries offered sovereignty, while colonial countries were not?” The teacher elicits responses from the class regarding the uneven nature of independence at this time. Students form conclusions.

3.   The teacher reviews the concepts relating to colonization.

4.   The teacher introduces the Map/Quick fact poster to the students and an exemplar is examined. The Map/Quick fact poster will include a map of the colony being studied on the front. The map flips up revealing the relevant facts: why they decolonized, the results, key individuals involved and the present state of affairs. As well, the teacher introduces the written case exercise where students discuss the necessity of imperial compensation.

5.   In small groups, students prepare the Map/Quick Facts poster activity. They analyse a case study of 20th Century decolonization (e.g., Vietnam, Philippines, India, Pakistan, Syria, Egypt, Israel, Algeria, Mozambique, Angola, South Africa, Zimbabwe). Students gather information from the textbook and Internet sources on their colony’s progress in breaking the imperial bond.

6.   Groups present their Map Quick/Facts poster and data to the class. The class takes notes during the presentation. The posters are displayed around the room and students gather information on each case study. Students use this information to write a letter arguing for imperial compensation to former colonies.

7.   Using a short video clip or current news article, students are introduced to the notion of “globalization.” The teacher and students define “globalization” and its characteristics (e.g., economic, political, social, cultural, technological). A comparison is made to student’s understanding of imperialism.

8.   The teacher poses the question: “Is globalization the new imperialism?” A discussion follows. Students read short articles representing different points of view on globalization and prepare a position statement for an informal debate in class. For homework, students answer the question using evidence from articles, the debate, and websites.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.)

5 – Formative teacher assessment of each student’s group work effectiveness measuring learning             skills using a checklist

6 – Formative peer assessment of Map/Quick Fact presentation using an oral presentation checklist

6 – Using the expectations being assessed, design a rubric to evaluate the “Compensation Letter”

7 – Summative teacher evaluation of New Imperialism student responses measuring Knowledge/Understanding of the issue using a rubric based upon the expectations being measured

Accommodations

·         Chunking instructions will assist students with learning disabilities.

·         Prepare a sample data collection sheet to assist students in recording appropriate information.

·         Prepare a business letter outline to provide scaffolding.

·         Peer or teacher assistance may be required to assist students in deciding on the rationale for compensation.

·         Enrichment: Students may prefer to present the information in a multimedia format.

Resources

Print

Lace, William W. British Empire: The End of Colonialism. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2000.
ISBN 1560066830

Sethi, Raj Mohini. Globalization, Culture and Women’s Development. New Deli: Vedams Books Ltd., 1999. ISBN 81-7033-498-3

Videos

The Subsidy War. CBC News In Review. February, 2000.

The Apec Incident: Protecting Foreign Visitors. CBC News In Review. November, 1998.

The Quebec Summit: Policies and Fences. CBC News In Review. May, 2001.

Websites

Bunche Ralph. – www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/1950/bunche-bio.html

Bruno, Kenny. Coordinator. CorpWatch's Corporate-Free UN campaign. San Francisco California.
– www.corpwatch.org/issues/PID.jsp?articleid=1468

Decolonization and Self Determination.
– www.pbs.org/ralphbunche/education/edu_decolon.html

Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples: Adopted by General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV) of 14 December 1960.
– www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/c_coloni.htm

Grassroots Globalization Network. Earth Island Institute. Arcata, California. 1996 – 2001.
– www.earthisland.org/ggn/news.html

Globalization. – www.rrojasdatabank.org/dev3000.htm

“Decolonization,” Internet Modern History Sourcebook.
– www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook51.html

Jouvert: A journal of Postcolonial Studies.
– http://152.1.96.5/jouvert/index.htm

National Archives of India. – http://nationalarchives.nic.in/

No Logo: The Book that Became Part of a Movement. Open Flows.org.
– www.nologo.org/index.pl?section=book

Porter, Keith. About Globalization Issues. Pro Globalization Resources.
– http://globalization.about.com/cs/proglobalization/

Story of Africa: Independence.
– www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index_section14.shtml

The Council of Canadians. Ottawa Canada. 2002. – www.canadians.org/

The Fraser Institue. Vancouver Canada. 2002. – www.fraserinstitute.ca/

Porter, Keith. About Globalization Issues. Anti Globalization Resources.
– http://globalization.about.com/cs/antiglobalization/

The International Forum on Globalization. San Francisco California. – www.ifg.org/

The Whirled Bank Group. – www.whirledbank.org
(a satirical but serious look at the impacts of globalization)

United Nations and Decolonization.
– www.un.org/Depts/dpi/decolonization/main.htm

 

Activity 3:  Peace, Security, and Human Rights

Time:  5 hours

Description

Students explore how nations establish and maintain collective security. Students recognize the motivation behind the establishment of military, economic, and cultural alliances and assess whether or not these alliances promote international cooperation or regionalism and determine if they are effective in protecting the collective rights of individual nations. Students explore the rights of individuals and how they are protected by investigating and designing a poster or visual product that explains the nature of the organization and its effectiveness. Students present their findings orally, and based on the data collected, they write a letter to justify which agency is best suited to receive the Nobel Prize for the 20th Century.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Communities: Local, National, and Global, Citizenship and Heritage, Social, Economic,
                        Political Structures, Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

COV.03 - evaluate key factors that have led to conflict and war or to cooperation and peace;

CHV.04 - describe the range and diversity of concepts of citizenship and human rights that have developed since the 16th Century;

SEV.03 - describe the key developments and innovations in political organization in the West and the rest of the world since the 16th Century;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the steps in the process of historical interpretation and analysis;

HIV.03 - communicate opinions based on effective research clearly and concisely;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CO3.03 - identify key factors that have motivated people to seek peace and to cooperate with others;

CO3.04 - describe the main points of selected approaches to maintaining international order;

CH4.02 - describe the efforts of individuals and groups who facilitated the advancement of individual and collective human rights;

CH4.03 - describe key aspects of a variety of factors that have impeded the advancement of human rights;

CH4.04 - describe pivotal attempts of national and international bodies to recognize and enhance human rights;

SE3.05 - describe selected examples of efforts to create international governmental and judicial structures;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information sources;

HI1.03 - organize research findings, using a variety of methods and forms;

HI2.03 - identify and describe relationships and connections in the data studied;

HI2.05 - demonstrate an ability to develop a cogent thesis substantiated by effective research;

HI3.01 - communicate effectively, using a variety of styles and forms;

HI3.03 - express opinions and conclusions clearly, articulately, and in a manner that respects the opinions of others;

HI4.01 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively in reaching conclusions about both assigned questions and issues and those conceived independently;

HI4.04 - identify various career opportunities related to the study of history.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students have previously studied major conflicts and revolutions of the 20th Century and have knowledge of the League of Nations and the United Nations from Canadian History in the Twentieth Century.

·         Students have studied the concept of international human rights organizations in the Civics course.

Planning Notes

·         Locate a brief reading on the League of Nations and the United Nations.

·         Locate a variety of readings on military alliances of the 20th Century and prepare a data collection chart.

·         Locate a map of the world or a map that indicates the location of various military alliances of the 20th Century.

·         Identify Internet sites or locate readings of economic alliances formed after World War II.

·         Locate or prepare case studies of international and national governmental and non-governmental organizations and agencies that are designed to protect individual human rights.

·         Using the expectations being assessed, design a rubric to assess the Visual and Oral Report on Human Rights Agencies.

·         Using the expectations being assessed, design a rubric.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   The teacher and students review major conflicts and revolutions of the 20th Century.

2.   The teacher and students discuss the importance of establishing and maintaining peace in the world. For example, when individuals feel safe, they are more inclined to travel, which will help to stimulate a country’s economy and ultimately lead to increased employment opportunities.

3.   The teacher and students brainstorm past ways in which peace and security have been established and maintained in the world by reviewing organizations covered in the Grade 10 Canadian History course. The teacher directs the discussion towards organizations that were established after both World War I (League of Nations) and World War II (United Nations).

4.   The teacher provides students with a brief reading on the League of Nations and the United Nations. Students read the articles and on a T-chart compare both organizations using the following headings: “Date organization was established,” “Reasons the organization was established,” “Reasons the organizations succeeded or failed to maintain world peace.”

5.   The teacher draws the T-chart on the board and students record their information. Students and the teacher engage in a brief classroom discussion on why the League of Nations failed to maintain peace after World War I and if the United Nations has been any more successful in its maintenance of world peace since World War II.

6.   Students brainstorm ways in which the United Nations has attempted to influence global affairs and protect the rights of independent nations. The teacher directs this discussion so that students explore the concept of protecting the sovereign rights of nations through collective security and the establishment of military alliances, (e.g., NATO, the Warsaw Pact, NORAD, SEATO, OAS, ASEAN, OAU), the Arab League.

7.   Using their textbooks and/or a variety of readings, students collect data on the various military alliances they have brainstormed on a teacher prepared chart. The chart categories can include year the alliance was formed, which nations forged the alliance, the primary purpose of the alliance, and the success of the alliance. Students share their data with the class.

8.   Using a map, the teacher draws the students’ attention to the fact that despite the rise of international cooperation after World War II, military alliances took the form of regional blocs among countries with strong economic, social, and cultural ties.

9.   The teacher introduces the idea of other types of alliances – cultural, technological, and economic – that formed after World War II, and the reason for their formation.

10.  Students prepare a mind map of economic alliances formed after 1945, (e.g., EC, IMF, OPEC, GATT, EFTA, NAFTA, APEC, the G8, COMECON), using a variety of resources. The mind map should include the following information: economic alliance, year it was formed, which nations forged the alliance, and the primary purpose of the alliance.

11.  Using the information collected on military and economic alliances, in a one-two paragraph response, students speculate on whether or not such alliances promote international cooperation or regionalism, and if these alliances effectively protect the collective rights of nations. A quiz may be included to measure knowledge and understanding.

12.  The teacher reviews the concept of “collective rights” and introduces the concept of “individual human rights” by having the students brainstorm a working definition for these concepts.

13.  The teacher poses the question: “If military and economic organizations are formed to protect the collective rights of nations, how might we protect the rights of the individual?” The teacher and students brainstorm the answer to the question. The teacher directs the discussion to include the formation of international and national governmental and non-governmental organizations and agencies that are designed to protect individual human rights, e.g., Amnesty International, Doctors without Borders, Care, Red Cross, Red Crescent, Catholic Charities.

14.  Students form small groups and receive a case study of the above agencies/organizations. Students read the case study and design a poster or visual product which provides information about the agency/organization and how successful it has been in promoting or protecting individual human rights since its creation.

15.  Students briefly present a summary of their poster/visual and the success of their agency to the class.

16.  Based on the presentations, students draft a letter to the Nobel Prize committee, recommending their choice as the most successful agency in promoting human rights in the 20th Century.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.)

11 – Formative peer assessment of “Regionalism vs. Internationalism” paragraph measuring Communication using a rubric or rating scale.

11 – Summative teacher evaluation of quiz measuring Knowledge/Understanding

15 – Summative teacher evaluation of oral report and poster/visual product using a rubric including all Achievement Chart categories

16 – Summative teacher evaluation of Letter to Nobel Prize Committee using a rubric including all Achievement Chart categories

Accommodations

·         Students could work with a peer helper to complete T-chart, organizer, and mind map.

Resources

Print

Devine, Carol Rae, Carol Hansen, and Ralph Wilde. Human Rights: The Essential Reference. Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press, 1999. ISBN 157356205X

Newman, Garfield and Cynthia Grenier. Impact: Western Civilization and the Wider World. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., 1996. ISBN 0-07-552805-3

United Nations Development Programme. Human Development Report 2000. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 0195216784

Zelinski, Victor, et al. Twentieth Century Viewpoints: an Interpretive History. Don Mills: Oxford University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-19-541213-3

Videos

1947: Freedom Now. Videocassette. WGBH Boston and BBC. Prod. and Dist., 1998.

UN Why? Videocassette. United Nations. Dist., 1985.

Websites

Amnesty International Homepage. – www.amnesty.org/

About the IMF International Monetary Fund.
– www.imf.org/external/about.htm

APEC International Information Program.
– http://usinfo.state.gov/regional/ea/apec/

Asia Treaty Organization. Search Encyclopedia.com.
– www.encyclopedia.com/articlesnew/42082.html

Brain, Marshall. How NATO Works. – www.howstuffworks.com/nato.htm

CARE - Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere. Inc. – www.care.org/

Canadian Red Cross - Croix-Rouge canadienne. – www.redcross.ca

Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières US Site. This site is maintained by the US offices of Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), an independent international medical relief organization – www.doctorswithoutborders.org/

Encyclopedia.com - Electric Library’s Free Encyclopedia. SEATO: see Southeast Organization of American States. – www.oas.org/

Encyclopedia.com - Electric Library’s Free Encyclopedia Arab League.
– www.encyclopedia.com/articles/00661.html

European Free Trade Association. Welcome to the EFTA Homepage. Secrtariat; Surveillance Authority; Court. – www.efta.int/

FAS ONLINE- North American Free Trade Agreement.
– www.fas.usda.gov/itp/policy/nafta/nafta.html

Greenpeace International – www.greenpeace.org/

Government of Canada G8. – www.g8.gc.ca/about-e.asp

Human Rights Web Resources Page. – www.hrweb.org/resource.html

Jones, Christopher. The Two Germanies, Nato, and the Warsaw Pact.
wwics.si.edu/ees/reports/1999/174jon.htm

League of Arab States. – www.leagueofarabstates.org/

League of Arab States. – haynese.winthrop.edu/

Modern History Sourcebook: The Warsaw Pact, 1955.
– www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1955warsawpact.html

NATO Official Homepage- – www.nato.int/home.htm

NATO Treaty; April 4, 1949. The Avalon Project: the Yale Law School.
– www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/nato.htm

“NORAD: A Success Story”, Canadian Military Journal
– www.journal.dnd.ca/vol1/no2_e/policy_e/pol1_e.html

NORAD The North American Aerospace Defence Command 
– www.dnd.ca/menu/canada-us/bg00.010_e.htm

Organization of African Unity (OAU), Organisation de l'Unité... Hot topics. Experts’ Meeting - OAU Convention on Combating Corruption.... Description: Homepage for the OAU.
– www.oau-oua.org/

OPEC Online. – www.opec.org/

Seato Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia Copyright © 1994, 2000. Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press.
– www.factmonster.com/ce6/history/A0846053.html

The Warsaw Pact. excerpted from Czechoslovakia: A Country Study, Glenn E. Curtis, ed. (Washington, D. C.: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, 1992)
– www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/WarPact.html

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. The United States and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation 2001. Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. 
– www.bartleby.com/65/co/Councilf.html

Untitled. Association Of Southeast Nations.
– www.aseansec.org/800x600.html

Welcome to Catholic Charities. – www.ccsj.org/

WTO | World Trade Organization: WTO / GATT Home page. Official website of the World Trade Organization, which regulates trade and tariffs worldwide. – www.gatt.org/

 

Activity 4:  Economic and Technological Milestones of the 20th Century

Time:  3.5 hours

Description

Students explore the major economic developments and events of the 20th Century as well as government responses to them through an examination of case studies. Using the Internet, students investigate technological innovations of the 20th Century, ascertaining the social and economic impact of the innovation on various countries, as well as determining the accessibility of these technological innovations in developing and developed countries.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Communities: Local, National, and Global, Change and Continuity, Social, Economic,
                        Political Structures, Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

COV.02 - describe key elements of various types of interactions that have occurred among diverse peoples and cultures since the sixteenth Century;

CCV.01 - describe how the historical concept of change is used to analyse developments in the West and throughout the world since the sixteenth Century;

SEV.01 - demonstrate an understanding of selected diverse social structures and principles that have guided social organization in Western and non-Western societies since the Sixteenth Century;

SEV.02 - describe significant economic developments in the West and the rest of the world since the sixteenth Century;

SEV.04 - demonstrate an understanding of key aspects of women’s economic, social, and political lives in Western and non-Western societies since the Sixteenth Century;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the steps in the process of historical interpretation and analysis;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CO2.01 - describe key factors that have prompted and facilitated increasing interaction between peoples since the sixteenth Century;

CC1.04 - describe the nature of selected technological changes and their impact on the West and the rest of the world;

SE1.02 - describe key social developments that have occurred as a result of Western technological innovations;

SE2.02 - describe how the first and second industrial revolutions affected the economies of the West and the rest of the world;

SE2.03 - explain the role of free enterprise capitalism in stimulating the development and spread of Western technological innovation;

SE4.02 - describe the impact of industrialization, urbanization, and modernization on women’s lives in the West and the rest of the world;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information sources;

HI2.04 - draw conclusions based on effective evaluation of sources, analysis of information, and awareness of diverse historical interpretations;

HI4.01 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively in reaching conclusions about both assigned questions and issues and those conceived independently;

HI4.03 - demonstrate an ability to work independently and collaboratively and to seek and respect the opinions of others.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students are familiar with the jigsaw strategy.

Planning Notes

·         Locate and/or prepare short case studies on the following topics:

·         Command Economies

·         The Boom economy of the 1920s

·         The Great Depression and the New Deal

·         Post-War Boom

·         The Growth of the Welfare State

·         Asian Tigers and the World Economy

·         Debt and the Developing World

·         Challenges to Western Economies

·         Debt

·         The Oil Crisis

·         The 1980s Recession

·         Globalization

·         Locate or prepare a list of the top technological innovations of the 20th Century.

·         Make arrangements to use the library/resource centre or the Internet lab.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   Using think/pair/share, students speculate on what the state of the world economy was like in the first half of the 20th Century and why it was like this. Students share their theories with the rest of the class, and their ideas are recorded on the board. With teacher direction, students discuss these theories and decide on the most plausible scenario.

2.   Students receive a note on the state of the world economy in the first half of the 20th Century.

3.   In small groups, students read a brief case study on a specific economic development or issue of the 20th Century. Case studies could include information on Command Economies, the Boom economy of the 1920s, the Great Depression and the New Deal, Post-War Boom, the Growth of the Welfare State, Asian Tigers and the World Economy, Debt and the Developing World, Challenges to Western Economies, issues such as Debt, the Oil Crisis, the 1980s Recession and Globalization. (See websites below.) Using a jigsaw strategy, students exchange information on their case study and gather data on the others focusing on the economic developments and how it affected the individual, society, and the government’s response to these developments. Students may write a quiz to measure knowledge and understanding of these events.

4.   The teacher and students brainstorm and discuss the role technology plays in the development of world economic policies. Students brainstorm a list of technological developments that have encouraged economic development in various countries such as computer and Internet technology in Asia and Europe, petroleum and petrochemical technology in the Middle East and South America, laser and fibre optics in North America, electronics and biotechnology in Asia, water purification and agricultural innovations in the Developing world.

5.   From a teacher-generated list of the top technological innovations of the 20th Century (list can be drawn from a variety of sources such as the National Academy of Engineering website list www.greatachievements.org or Innovation Time Line found at www.ideafinder.com/history/timeline.htm), students complete a chart using an Internet search for at least ten technological innovations of 20th Century. The teacher could assign specific innovations to various students to ensure all of the suggested technological innovations are covered. Students explore the economic and social impact of the innovations, where most innovations were developed, and who had access to them.

6.   In a debriefing session, students share their information.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.)

4 – Summative teacher evaluation measuring Knowledge/Understanding of key concepts using a teacher-designed quiz

Accommodations

·         The teacher provides a photocopy of the note for students with learning disabilities in area of written communication.

·         Extension activity: Students could complete additional research on a specific economic development of the 20th Century and write a report that they could then present to the class.

Resources

Print

Baldwin, Doug, et al. The Rise of the Global Village. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson LTD, 1988.
ISBN 0-07-549186-9

Volti, Rudi. The Facts on File Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Society. New York: Facts on File, 1999. ISBN 0816031231

Videos

The Evolving World Economy. Videocassette. Annenberg/CPB Project. Prod. Magic Lantern Communications. Dist. 1995.

Life and the Machines. Videocassette. Sleeping Giant Productions. Prod. Access Network. Dist. 1995.

Science and Technology in the 20th Century. Videocassette. AIT. Prod. Magic Lantern Communications. Dist., 1992.

The Technological Revolution/Toward the Future. WGBH – Boston. Prod. Magic Lantern Communications. Dist., 1989.

Websites

Anning, Majella. “Euroland in 1999.” European Business Review. January-March 1999.
– www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m0GYN/7_2/56918099/print.jhtml

Britannica Online. 2002. – www.search.eb.com (good for general articles on key issues like Depression, 1920s, OPEC, The New Deal – but school must have subscription)

Global Education Network. 2001. – www.global-ed.org/index.htm

Hughes, Aneurin. “Europe' s Euro Future.” European Business Review. January-March 1999.
– www.findarticles.com/cf_0/m0GYN/7_2/56918099/print.jhtml

National Academy of Engineering. 2001. – www.greatachievements.org

Innovation Time Line. 2001. – www.ideafinder.com/history/timeline.htm

Pearlstein, Steven. “Understanding the Asian Economic Crisis.” The Washington Post. January 18, 1998. P. A 32.
– www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/asiaecon/stories/asiaecon11898.htm

Spicker, Paul. The Welfare State. Aberdeen: Robert Gordon University. 2002.
– www2.rgu.ac.uk/publicpolicy/introduction/wstate.htm

Treuhaft, B. The Embargo. Send a Piano to Havana. Annual Tuners Brigade updated Oct 20, 2001.
– www.sendapiana.com/sphmbrgo.htm

Activity 5:  Art as a Reflection of Society – Coffee House Symposium

Time:  3.5 hours

Description

Students provide each other with an overview of the Arts from 1914 to present through group presentations in a “Coffee House” set up. In small groups, students present a variety of music, art and literature of the 20th Century demonstrating how their particular artist or genre reflected the themes of conflict, revolution, human rights, and economic and technological change of the century. Students bring samples of music, art, and literature to share with the class in an informal setting. Based on their experience, students record how artists reflect and project trends in society and make comparisons to previous periods in history.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Citizenship and Heritage and Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

CHV.03 - analyse different forms of artistic expression and how they reflect their particular historical period;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the steps in the process of historical interpretation and analysis;

HIV.03 - communicate opinions based on effective research clearly and concisely;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CH3.01 - describe key developments in a variety of modes of artistic expression in the West since the 16th Century;

CH3.02 - describe key forms and styles of artistic expression throughout the world;

CH3.03 - describe key elements of selected forces that helped to bring about changes in modern Western artistic expression;

CH3.04 - assess the extent to which art reinforces and/or challenges prevailing social and political values;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information sources;

HI1.03 - organize research findings, using a variety of methods and forms;

HI2.03 - identify and describe relationships and connections in the data studied;

HI2.04 - draw conclusions based on effective evaluation of sources, analysis of information, and awareness of diverse historical interpretations;

HI3.01 - communicate effectively, using a variety of styles and forms;

HI3.03 - express opinions and conclusions clearly, articulately, and in a manner that respects the opinions of others;

HI4.01 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively in reaching conclusions about both assigned questions and issues and those conceived independently;

HI4.02 - use a variety of time-management strategies effectively;

HI4.03 - demonstrate an ability to work independently and collaboratively and to seek and respect the opinions of others;

HI4.04 - identify various career opportunities related to the study of history.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students are familiar with informal oral reports, research, and data collection.

Planning Notes

·         Compile a list of artists, writers, and musicians from the 20th century world who represent themes such as conflict, revolution, human rights, and economic and technological change or use
Appendix 4.5.1.

·         Prepare a data collection sheet for students.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   Through a discussion, the teacher reinforces the themes of the unit: conflict, revolution, human rights, and economic and technological change.

2.   The teacher reviews the concept of art as a reflection of society. The teacher can use examples like Cold War themes in movies during the McCarthy Era.

3.   The students select an individual artist who represents a particular theme of the unit from the list provided by the teacher. (Appendix 4.5.1 List of Suggested Artists)

4.   Students research their individual and prepare a one-page report outlining the individual’s major works and how the artist reflected and/or influenced the world around them. Students also pick out a piece of work by the individual that is to be shared with the class.

5.   In groups of four, the students present how their particular artist or genre reflects their particular theme of the 20th Century. The teacher divides students into groups taking care to include either an artist or a genre from each of the four themes. Students receive a coded card (e.g., Café Mocha, Café Latte, Espresso, Iced Coffee) to represent their theme. When they have completed their presentations/discussions around the “Coffee Table,” they move to another table ensuring that all coded cards are represented at their new table. This process continues until the students have completed a data collection sheet reflecting a variety of artists. They do as many as possible in one period. To enhance the veracity of the “Coffee House” setup, refreshments may be an option.

6.   On a data collection sheet, students record how the artists presented in their groups reflected and reinforced trends in the society.

7.   As a class, students debrief the exercise, reflecting on the continued importance of art in society.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.)

4 – Formative teacher/peer assessment of student library/resource centre research measuring Thinking/Inquiry using a checklist

5 – Formative peer/teacher assessment of student “Coffee House” presentations measuring Communication skills using a checklist

8 – Summative teacher evaluation of Artists of the Twentieth Century measuring Knowledge/Understanding, using a teacher-designed quiz or rubric

Accommodations

·         The teacher provides students with a data collection sheet for library/resource centre research.

·         The teacher uses a peer tutor to assist students in research.

·         The teacher allows the presentation in an alternative setting or format for students unable perform at the “Coffee House.”

Resources

Bossy, Michel-Andre, ed. Artists, Writers and Musicians: An Encyclopedia of People Who Changed the World. Phoenix: Oryx Press, 2001. ISBN 1573561541

Tesch, Jurgen and Hollman, Eckhard, eds. Icons of Art: The 20th Century. Munich: Prestel, 1997.
ISBN 3791318624

Videos

Liberation and Change: The Late 20th Century (1945 to present). Videocassette. Clearvue/eav. Prod. Magic Lantern Communications. Dist., 1995.

Twentieth Century: artistic revolution. Videocassette. Educational Audio Visual. Prod. Clearvue/eav Inc. Dist., 1986.

Websites

Anderson, J.W. Rock & Roll and the War in Vietnam. J. W's Rock Garden. 2001.
– www.jerockgarden.com/jw02vvaw.htm

Art and Music of the Labour Movement. CUPW Sudbury Local 612. 1997.
– www.cyberbeach.ne/~willow/cupw/local/site/music.htm

Art for @Change. Burn Resources. 2001. – http://burn/ucsd.edu/art.htm

Art Interprets History. Department of Art History. Sweet Briar College. 1997.
– wwwarthistory.sbc.edu/artartists/modpolitics.html

Artists for a New South Africa. Redslash Inc. 2002.  – www.ansafrica.org/

Brown, Courtney. Anti-War Protest Music. 21 March 2001.
– www.coutneybrown.com/classes/music/VietnamWar/sld001.htm

History in Song. Fortune City.com Inc. 1996 - 2002.
– http:/www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/parton/2/history.html

Khalil Sakakini Cultural Centre. 2002.  www.sakakini.org.first.html (Palestinian Art and Culture)

Landsberger, Stefan. Chinese Propaganda Poster Pages since 1949. 2002.
– www.iisg.nl~landsberger/

Left Curve. Oakland California.
– www.ncal.verio.com/~leftcurve/LC24WebPages/index.html

List of South African Writers. Art@vgallery.co.za. 19 January 2002.
– www.vgallery.co.za/artists_births_deaths.htm

A New Deal for the Arts. National Archives and Records Administration. 1997.
– www.nara.gov.exhall/newedeal/newdeal.html

South African Arts, Culture and Heritage 1997 Calendar. Department of Art, Culture, Science and Technology. Electronic Mail and Guardian.  www.mg.co.za/mg/saarts/literature1.htm

Mautz, Nancy.B. NM’s Creative Impulse: The Artist’s View of World History and Western Civilization. 23 October 2000. 18 December 2001. – http://history.evansville.net.

Zwick, Jim. ed. Anti-Imperialism in the United States, 1898 - 1935. – www.boondocksnet.com/ai_lit.html

Appendices

Appendix 4.5.1 – Artists of the 20th Century

 

Activity 6:  Trading Card Convention

Time:  3.5 hours

Description

Students research an important individual of the 20th Century reflecting the themes of the unit. Individuals will reflect a balance from a variety of thematic and geographic areas. The research periods provide students with an opportunity to gather information to create a Trading Card about their individual. One side of the card summarizes the individual’s life (birth, death, accomplishments, education, etc.) and assess their impact on the 20th Century. The flip side of the card consists of a picture or representation of the individual and any other significant images. The teacher organizes a “Trading Card Convention” to enable students to record information on all of the significant individuals researched by their peers. After this Convention, students choose three significant individuals of the 20th Century, and use their notes from the Convention to write a position paper defending their choices with respect to their area.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Strand(s):  Communities: Local, National, and Global; Citizenship and Heritage;
                        Methods of Historical Inquiry

Overall Expectations

CCV.01 - describe how the historical concept of change is used to analyze developments in the West and throughout the world since the sixteenth Century;

SEV.04 - demonstrate an understanding of key aspects of women’s economic, social, and political lives in Western and non-Western societies since the sixteenth Century;

HIV.01 - demonstrate an ability to locate, select, and organize information from a variety of sources;

HIV.02 - demonstrate an understanding of the steps in the process of historical interpretation and analysis;

HIV.03 - communicate opinions based on effective research clearly and concisely;

HIV.04 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively, manage time efficiently, and work effectively in independent and collaborative study.

Specific Expectations

CC1.03 - assess the influence of key individuals and groups who helped shape Western attitudes to change;

CH4.02 - describe the efforts of individuals and groups who facilitated the advancement of individual and collective human rights;

SE4.03 - demonstrate an understanding of the efforts and achievements of individuals and groups who have worked for the advancement of women’s status;

HI1.02 - conduct organized research, using a variety of information;

HI1.03 - organize research findings, using a variety of methods and forms;

HI2.03 - identify and describe relationships and connections in the data studied;

HI2.05 - demonstrate an ability to develop a cogent thesis substantiated by effective research;

HI3.01 - communicate effectively, using a variety of styles and forms;

HI3.02 - use an accepted form of academic documentation effectively and correctly;

HI3.03 - express opinions and conclusions clearly, articulately, and in a manner that respects the opinions of others;

HI4.01 - demonstrate an ability to think creatively in reaching conclusions about both assigned questions and issues and those conceived independently.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

·         Students are familiar with creating a visual display such as a Trading Card from Canadian History in the 20th Century

·         Students are familiar with methods of citation and are familiar with writing a position paper.

Planning Notes

·         Create a list of the important individuals of the 20th Century.

·         Book Internet computer lab and library for research periods.

·         Bookmark several websites for students to use during their research.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   For homework, students review their notes and textbook in order to create a list of the important individuals from the unit.

2.   Using their list, students brainstorm a list of the most significant individuals of the 20th Century. The teacher adds to the list to ensure diversity in gender, thematic basis (scientists, politicians, etc.), and cultural backgrounds of the individuals.

3.   The class organizes the list into several categories (science and technology, economics, military, social, political, religious, philosophical, artistic).

4.   The teacher introduces the Trading Card assignment and Position Paper and reviews the assessment tools (Appendix 4.6.1 Rubric) used to evaluate the Card and Position Paper and due dates.

5.   The teacher reviews proper note-taking and citation methods.

6.   Students choose an individual from the brainstormed list to research and create a Trading Card. One side features the biographical information, and the second side highlights the impact and significance of the individual to the 20th Century.

7.   The teacher organizes the Trading Card Convention. This Convention may consist of a brief presentation by each student to the class, a jigsaw type structure, or an informal display of the Cards around the classroom. During the Convention, students record the information found on each Trading Card. Students complete a data collection chart, ensuring that they gather information on a balanced variety of individuals reflecting each of the themes.

8.   Teachers may choose alternatives such as a pamphlet or information poster instead of trading cards.

9.   Based on the information gathered during the Convention, the students choose three individuals they feel contributed most significantly to the 20th Century and write a position paper supporting their choices.

10.  A unit test is administered to measure Knowledge/Understanding of key unit concepts and content.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

(The numbers refer to the Teaching/Learning Strategy.) Assessment is not only based on the finished product but will include evidence of selection, organization, and communication as required by the expectations.

7 – Summative teacher evaluation of the Trading Card using ‘Trading Card Rubric,’ Appendix 4.6.1

10 – Summative teacher evaluation of the position paper using a rubric measuring all Achievement categories

10 – Summative teacher evaluation of knowledge and understanding through a unit test

Accommodations

·         Extension: The teacher may encourage students to use an electronic medium (website development or computer presentation) in lieu of the Trading Card.

·         A scaffolding sheet can be provided to assist students in recording information while keeping track of their citations and sources used.

Resources

Books

Cormack, Patrica, ed. Manifestos and Declarations of the Twentieth Century. Toronto: Garamond Press.
ISBN 15519301451998

Eyewitness to the 20th Century. Washington: National Geographic Society, 2000. ISBN 0792270495

Howard, Michael and Wm. Roger Louis. The Oxford History of the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. ISBN 0912853708

Knauer, Kelly, ed. Time 100: Builders and Titans Great Minds of the Century. New York: Time Books, 1999. ISBN 1883013623

Knauer, Kelly, ed. Time 100: Heroes and Inspirations Person of the Century. New York: Time Books, 2000. ISBN 188301364X

Knauer, Kelly, ed. Time 100: Leaders and Revolutionaries, Artists and Entertainers. New York: Time Books, 1998. ISBN 188013496

Taborelli, Giorgio. Icons of the Century: Personalities for 100 Years. Hauppauge, N.Y.: Barrons Educational Series, 1999. ISBN 0764152017

CD-ROMS

“Communications Collage.” Microsoft Encarta Encyclopaedia Deluxe 99

“Influential Thinkers Collage.” Microsoft Encarta Encyclopaedia Deluxe 99

Magnusson, Magnus ed. Larousse Biographical Dictionary. New York: Larousse, 1994.

“War on Disease Collage.” Microsoft Encarta Encyclopaedia Deluxe 99

Websites

Guterba, Linda. Kid Info: Reference Resources: Famous Historical People. Kid Info. 2002.
– www.kidinfo.com/American_History/Famous_Historical_People.htm

HyperHistory Online – www.hyperhistory.com/online_n2history_n2/people.html

Time 100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century. Time.com.2000.
– www.time.com/time/time100

Mexico’s Historical Figures: A Chronological Listing. Mexico Connect. 1996-2002.
– www.mexconnect.com/mex_/history/mexicopeople.html

Appendices

Appendix 4.6.1 – Key Individuals of the Twentieth Century: Trading Card Rubric


Appendix 4.5.1

Artists of the Twentieth Century

Conflict

Dramatists: H. Pinter, E. Ianesco, B. Brecht, D. Mamet, T. Williams, S. Beckett, E. O’Neill, G. Lorca, G. Gelinas, M. Tremblay, S. Shepherd

Writers: J. Baldwin, A. Waker, Z. Neale Hurston, M. Angelou, T. Morrison, K. Kesy, K. Vonnegut, G. Orwell, A. Huxley, A. Camus, F. Kafka, S. Rushdie, C. Sagan, A. Solzhenitzin, E. Hemingway

Visual Artists: J. Rosenquist, K. Colwitz, U. Boccioni, S. Dali, G. Roz, H. Moore, R. Lichtenstein, P. Picasso, A. Colville, A. Giacometti, J. Johns, R. Frank, L. Harris, Chinese Art & Revolution (www.iisg.nl/~landsberger), Chinese Propaganda Posters since 1949 (http://www.etext.org/Politics/MIM/mt/mt13chinart.html), Left Curve, Anti-War Art (http://www.ncal.verio.com/~leftcurv/LC24WebPages/index.html)

Music: B. Britten, M. Ravel, Bob Dylan, Peter, Paul and Mary, “Woodstock Musicians,” Don McLean (American Pie), John Lennon, Pete Seeger, Merle Haggard, Bruce Cockburn, Buffy Ste. Marie, Country Joe and the Fish, Jimi Hendrix, Barry MacGuire, Vietnam Music American) www.jwsrockgarden.com/jw02vvaw.htm), Joe Hill, Woody Guthrie, Phil Ochs

Human Rights

Dramatists: G. Walker, G. Ryga, A. Fugard

Writers: V. Woolf, J. Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, M. Richler, W. Faulkner, J.P. Sartre, M. Atwood, Nawal El Saadawi, Arandati Roy

Visual Artists: Jenny Holtzer, Diego Rivera, J. Beuys, Max Beckman, Jacob Lawrence, Leonardo Drew, Laurie Anderson, Malcolm Morley, Joanne Todd, Nan Goldin, Anselm Kiefer, David Salle, Eric Fischel, Andy Warhol, Lorna Simpson, Judy Chicago, Susan Lake, Robert Maplethorpe, Attila Lukacs, Andy Fabo, Duan Michaels

Music: Billie Holiday, Peter Gabriel, Simon and Garfunkel, Black Jazz artists, Paul Robeson, Bob Dylan, Sun City Project, Phrane, Tom Robinson, The Specials, Stevie Wonder, Jackson Browne, Simple Minds, Aretha Franklin, Tracey Chapman, Public Enemy, N.W.A., Dead Prez, Queen Latifah, Tibetan Freedom Concerts, Free Nelson Mandela Concerts

Decolonization

Writers: E. M. Forster, N. Gordimer, J. M. Coetzee

Visual Artists: Artists for a New South Africa (www.ansafrica.org), Top 10 Living South African Artists (www.vgallery.co.za/map.htm), Liberated voices South African Art Site (www.liberatedvoices.org/programs.html), Aboriginal Artists of Australia (www.aboriginal-art.com/animation.html), Palestinian Art and Culture (www.sakakini.org/first.html), Yothi Yindi, Robbie Robertson, Buffy Ste. Marie, Susan Aglukark, Laura Vinson, John Trudell

Economics and Technology

Writers: F. S. Fitzgerald, S. Lewis, N. Klein, M. Barlow, M. Foot, J. Steinbeck, J. D. Salinger,

Visual Artists: Dorothea Lang, Eugene Smith, Alfred Steiglitz, Walker Evans, Grant Wood, Norman Rockwell, Art and the New Deal (www.nara.gov/exhall/newdeal/newdeal.html)

Music: Art and Music of the Labour Movement (http:/www.cyberbeach.net/!willows/cupw/local/site/music.htm), Artists for Change (cartoonists against globalization) (www.art-for-change.com/content/Content.html), History in Song (www.fortunecity.com/tinpan/parton/2/history.html)


Appendix 4.6.1

Key Individuals of the Twentieth Century: Trading Card Rubric

Criteria

Level 1
(50-59%)

Level 2
(60-69%)

Level 3
(70-79%)

Level 4
(80-100%)

Communication

Clear Expression of ideas in written form
HIV.03, HIV.01

- communicates information with limited clarity

 

- communicates information as isolated pieces of information with limited attention to audience and purpose

- communicates information with some clarity

 

- communicates some important information with some attention to audience and purpose

- communicates information with considerable clarity

- communicates relevant information with considerable attention to audience and purpose

- communicates information with a high degree of clarity

- communicates thorough and relevant information with thorough attention to audience and purpose

Knowledge/ Understanding

Evidence of Research
HI1.02, HI1.03

- demonstrates limited evidence of research in product

- demonstrates some evidence of research in product

- demonstrates considerable evidence of research in product

- demonstrates thorough research in product

Thinking/ Inquiry

Use of Factual Evidence
HI2.05, HI3.03

- applies factual evidence with limited effectiveness

- demonstrates limited comprehension of factual evidence

- applies factual evidence with some effectiveness

 

- demonstrates some comprehension of factual evidence

- applies factual evidence with considerable effectiveness

- demonstrates considerable comprehension of factual evidence

- applies factual evidence highly effectively

 

- demonstrates thorough comprehension of factual evidence

Application

Effective use of colour, symbols and graphics
HI3.01

- applies the use of colours, symbols, and graphics with limited clarity and precision and a limited relationship to the topic/theme

- applies the use of colours, symbols, and graphics with some clarity and precision and some relationship to the topic/theme

- applies the use of colours, symbols, and graphics with considerable clarity and precision and considerable relationship to the topic/theme

- applies the use of colours, symbols, and graphics with a high degree of clarity and precision and a obvious relationship to the topic/theme

Thinking/ Inquiry

Use of Critical and Creative thinking skills
HIV.04, HI2.03, HI4.01

- applies critical and creative thinking skills in the selection of visuals with a limited degree of effectiveness

- applies critical and creative thinking skills in the selection of visuals with some degree of effectiveness

- applies critical and creative thinking skills in the selection of visuals with a considerable degree of effectiveness

- applies critical and creative thinking skills in the selection of visuals with a high degree of effectiveness

Note: A student whose achievement is below Level 1 (50%) has not met the expectations for this assignment or activity.

Comments and Next Steps:

 

 

Overview | Course Profiles Main Menu