Course Profile   Technological Design (TDJ4E), Grade 12, Workplace Preparation, Combined

 

Unit 3:  Retail Furniture Design

Time:  35 hours

 

Activity 1 | Activity 2 | Activity 3

 

Unit Description

Students design furnishings for commercial needs, based on their work in previous units. Students examine considerations in furniture design, materials, structural properties, and manufacturing processes. Students fabricate and test full-scale mock-ups and develop a catalogue to present the various display fixtures. Ethical issues regarding the negative impacts of consumerism, excessive marketing, and the proper handling of materials and waste are examined.

Unit Synopsis Chart

Activity

Time

Learning Expectations

Assessment Categories

Tasks

3.1
Investigating Retail Store Fixture Design

8 hours

TFV.03, TF1.03, SP1.01, ICV.01, ICV.02, IC1.01, IC1.02

CGE 1g, 2e, 3c, 4f, 7f, 7g

Knowledge/ Understanding Thinking/Inquiry Communication Application

Students research retail store fixtures and display considerations for specific products.

Students then prepare a photo essay to share their findings with the class.

3.2
Designing Store Fixtures and Displays

12 hours

TFV.01, TF2.03, TF3.01, SPV.04, SP1.01, SP2.02, SP2.03, SP3.01, IC1.01, IC2.02

CGE 2e, 3d, 5g, 7f

Communication Application

Using both manual and computer-aided drafting techniques, students design retail store fixtures to display the product developed in Unit 1 – Commercial Products Design.

3.3
Scale Modelling

15 hours

TFV.02, TF3.02, SPV.03, SP1.04, SP2.04, ICV.03, IC2.03

CGE 5a, 5b, 5e, 5g, 7i

Communication Application

Students develop a scale model of the retail store fixture or display. They document the process and present their model to the class.

 

Activity 1:  Investigating Retail Store Fixture Design

Time:  8 hours

Description

Students investigate retail furniture display design as it pertains to a particular product. Students choose from products in the areas of home improvement, electronics, clothing, sporting goods, food/produce, music/entertainment, and jewellery. Students gather information about the display of these products through research on the World Wide Web, and by visiting various retail stores in the community. The information gathered is critically analysed for issues regarding the ethical use of marketing techniques as they relate to Gospel teachings. Students then organize this information and prepare a photo essay to share their findings with the class. This activity provides students with the necessary skills to develop ideas for designs in subsequent activities.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE1g - respect the faith traditions, world religions, and the life-journeys of all people of good will;

CGE2e - use and integrate the Catholic faith tradition, in the critical analysis of the arts, media, technology, and information systems to enhance the quality of life;

CGE3c - think reflectively and creatively to evaluate situations and solve problems;

CGE4f - apply effective communication, decision-making, problem-solving, time, and resource management skills;

CGE7f - respect and affirm the diversity and interdependence of the world’s peoples and cultures;

CGE7g - respect and understand the history, cultural heritage, and pluralism of today’s contemporary society.

Strand(s):  Theory and Foundation, Skills and Processes, Impact and Consequences

Theory and Foundation

TFV.03 - explain the principles and fundamentals of design;

TF1.03 - explain how to develop a needs analysis based on research into consumer products or services;

TF1.04 - assess a variety of materials and fabrication techniques used for different custom and mass-manufactured products.

Skills and Processes

SP1.01 - identify design problems, list relevant criteria, and propose solutions.

Impact and Consequences

ICV.01 - describe safety features and ethical issues that must be addressed in technological design;

ICV.02 - describe problems caused by improper or inadequate design.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

A working knowledge of computer operations, such as word processing, creating graphics, printing, and file management, is required. Students have some knowledge of Internet research techniques and are familiar with computer usage regulations as defined at the local level. Students with little or no knowledge in computer operations should be paired with students who have expertise. Students should be familiar with the use of a 35mm point-and-shoot camera or digital camera. Students may have knowledge of acquiring and manipulating digital images.

Planning Notes

·         The teacher ensures that students have access to computers equipped with Internet capabilities by reserving the computer lab in advance.

·         The teacher follows board and school policy about out of school activities and prepares copies of the form letter (Appendix 3.1.2), on school letterhead, for students to take when they visit retail stores in the community. The teacher may call stores in advance to find out about company policy regarding the use of cameras in the store. Due to company policy, some larger retail chain stores may not allow students to photograph their displays.

·         For safety, students should visit stores in pairs or small groups. Students should always obtain permission from the store manager before photographing any of the displays. If retail stores are unwilling to cooperate, there are alternatives. Most stores purchase their fixtures from a particular supplier who would have similar displays. Students could place a call to the head office of a retail chain store to find out the name of their supplier.

·         The teacher arranges for digital or instant cameras and processing the film. The teacher also gathers appropriate art supplies (e.g., glue sticks, construction paper, Bristol board, markers, scissors, printer paper, toner, etc.).

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   The teacher introduces the topic of Retail Store Fixture Design by distributing copies of
Appendix 3.1.1 – Shopping In Our Community. Students are divided into small groups of three or four and are given 15 minutes to complete the task. The teacher then uses the group results to generate a chart that is representative of the entire class. The chart is displayed on chart paper or the overhead projector.

2.   The teacher then leads students in a discussion as to why certain stores were chosen over others. Factors affecting this decision include location, pricing, product selection, store décor, commercial advertising, and celebrity endorsement. In any case, students must be able to support their opinions clearly and intelligently. When discussing any product, especially clothing and footwear, teachers should discourage references to particular name brands, as this may be a sensitive topic for some students. Teachers should use their discretion in leading discussions so that they comply with Catholic education guidelines.

3.   The teacher leads a class discussion about the ethical and moral issues of marketing and the negative impacts of consumerism. Marketing practices and the handling of materials and waste are also examined. The use of celebrity endorsements, graphics, colours, sex, sex roles in marketing, etc., impulse buying displays, and over packaging for display purposes can be discussed. Students are encouraged to analyse these issues in relation to Catholic values as well as an economic viewpoint, and weigh the implications of various marketing techniques.

4.   In groups of three to four, students select a particular product and investigate how the product is displayed in the retail world. The teacher ensures that each group selects a different product. However, the teacher may want to focus on a product similar to the one developed in (Unit 1 Commercial Product Design) and use the findings for subsequent activities.

5.   The teacher provides students with a copy of a form letter (Appendix 3.1.2 – Form Letter) and photo essay evaluation form (Appendix 3.1.3 – Photo Essay Assignment). Students go to various retail stores that sell the product of their choice and photograph (digital or still camera) or sketch how their product is displayed. Upon arriving at the store, students should request to speak to the manager and present the letter (Appendix 3.1.2 – Form Letter). After receiving permission to undertake their assignment, students make note of the location of the display within the store (i.e., proximity to entrance and counter), colour, materials used, portability, and versatility (can it be used for other products?).

6.   Students use class time to organize and prepare their photo essay. The final hour of the activity is allocated for group presentations.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

Students are assessed on their ability to research and prepare a photo essay on Retail Store Fixture Design. Informal assessment takes place during class discussions as to the amount and quality of student participation, in particular their abilities to apply gospel values to issues regarding ethical marketing techniques. A summative evaluation of the photo essay is undertaken by the teacher. (Appendix 3.1.3 – Photo Essay Assignment.)

Resources

Websites

Atlantic Store Décor Inc. – www.asd.ca
The largest manufacturer of custom retail fixtures in Atlantic Canada. Students can find examples of fixtures for clothing, sporting goods, bakery goods, retail gifts, and kiosks.

Great Brook Furniture – www.greatbrookfurniture.com
Designer and manufacturer of store fixtures, kiosks, display cabinets, point of sale counters, and institutional furniture.

Retail Source – www.retailsource.com
A large list of companies that provide furniture for retail design, construction, and visual merchandising.

– www.exhibittechnology.com
A company that specializes in the design and construction of custom fixtures that meet specific user needs. Photos of unique displays of products are provided.

– www.robertham.com/store_fixtures.htm
Store fixtures and wholesale store fixtures for retail stores, jewellery, clothing, and floral stores. Every fixture is pictured with a price.

Publications and Catalogues

AZURE Magazine (design, architecture, art). Azure Publishing Inc., 20 Maud St., Suite 200, PO BOX 15464, STN BRM B, Toronto, Ontario, M7Y 2W1

Display & Design Ideas Magazine (product news and design solutions for store planning and visual merchandising). Published by Bill Communications – Atlanta, 1115 Northmeadow Parkway, Roswell, GA 30076. – www.ddimagazine.com

OBJEKT Living In Style Magazine (interior, architecture, art, and design). A publication of Hans Fonk Publications. Contact for Canada: OBJEKT, 450 Erb Street, Suite 117, Waterloo, Ontario, N2T 1H4.

VM+SD Visual Merchandising and Store Design Magazine. A publication of ST Publications Inc., 407 Gilbert Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45202-2285. – www.visualstore.com


Appendix 3.1.1

Shopping In Our Community

 

Task: In your groups, complete the table by writing down the names of as many stores as you can where you can purchase each of the following items:

 

 

Food/
Produce

Clothing

Footwear

Electronics

Home Improvement

Sporting Goods

Music/
Entertainment

Jewellery

1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

For each of the categories, write the name of the store in the last row (*) where your group is most likely to make a purchase.

Choose one of the categories listed above and consider the following questions:

·         What are some similarities and differences between the displays in each of the different stores?

·         What is the single most important reason why you chose the store in the last row (*)?

·         Is this a store where you and your family would shop? Why? Why not?

·         Is this a store that most of your friends go to?

·         What does the outside of the store look like?

·         Describe the interior of the store?

·         How are the various products displayed in the store?

·         What are the hours of operation for this particular store?

·         Are there any sales associates and are they always helpful?

·         Does this store sell any of the other products?

Group Members

1.

2.

3.

4.


Appendix 3.1.2

Form Letter

 

Note: This letter is to be typed on school letterhead and signed by the teacher and principal.

 

 

Date:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dear Store Manager/Owner:

 

As part of a school assignment, students have been asked to investigate how products are displayed in a retail setting. Students are required to obtain photographs of displays in a store of their choosing and will be required to share their findings with their classmates.

 

The students will then design and build their own display for a product.

 

To this end, we ask that you kindly allow these student(s) to photograph the displays in your store, and we thank you in advance for your cooperation.

 

Should you have any questions or concerns, please feel free to contact me at _____________________. 

I will be happy to address any concerns you might have.

 

Yours sincerely,

 

 

 

Technology Teacher

 

 

 

 

Principal


Appendix 3.1.3

Photo Essay Assignment

 

Background

A photo essay is the organization of a series of photographs that can be used to tell a story, demonstrate how to accomplish a task or to show a collection of similar ideas. Although the photographs are usually taken with a camera, they can be acquired from the Internet or cut out from a magazine. Each photograph is accompanied by a short explanation.

Objective

Students take photographs to show the various ways in which a particular product is displayed in retail stores. Students display photographs either in a slide show or on poster board and share their findings with their classmates. In doing so, students develop their research and organizational skills and are provided with an opportunity to learn more about the community and appreciate the resources around them.

Requirements

·         10 photos related to the topic chosen. Students are encouraged to take actual photographs; however, the essays may be supplemented with hand-drawn pictures, magazine photos, or images acquired from the Internet (copyright free).

·         Explanations for each photo.

·         Completed poster board with all photos and explanations attached.

·         Presentation of their findings to the class, highlighting similarities and differences.

Evaluation

Photo Essay

 

Organization of Information

/5

Criteria and Number of Photos

/10

Overall Appearance

/5

Written Explanations

 

Spelling, Punctuation, and Grammar

/5

Content

/10

Presentation

 

Delivery

/5

Organization

/5

Visual Support Material

/5

 

 

Total

/50

 


Activity 2:  Designing Store Fixtures and Displays

Time:  12 hours

Description

This activity is designed to allow students to apply the knowledge gained in the previous activity towards the design of a display for the product developed in Unit 1 – Commercial Product Design. This display must be in keeping with the interior layout designed for the commercial space in Unit 2 – Interior Design. Students take into consideration the size, shape, style, function, materials, and cost in the development of a computer-generated drawing of their store fixture.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE2e - use and integrate the Catholic faith tradition, in the critical analysis of the arts, media, technology, and information systems to enhance the quality of life;

CGE3d - make decisions in light of gospel values with an informed moral conscience;

CGE5g - achieve excellence, originality, and integrity in one’s own work and support these qualities in the work of others;

CGE7f - respect and affirm the diversity and interdependence of the world’s peoples and cultures.

Strand(s):  Theory and Foundation, Skills and Processes, Impact and Consequences

Theory and Foundation

TFV.01 - demonstrate an understanding of how the design process is used to create products or services for the marketplace;

TF2.03 - demonstrate an ability to consult reference materials such as codes, Machinery’s Handbook, Sweet’s Catalogue, Architectural Graphic Standards, and trade literature and catalogues;

TF3.01 - explain project designs in terms of satisfying consumer needs and meeting design criteria.

Skills and Processes

SPV.04 - create appropriate drawings using either traditional or computer-based methods;

SP1.01 - identify design problems, list relevant criteria, and propose solutions;

SP2.02 - use computer-aided design methods effectively to produce illustrations (e.g. floor plans, perspectives and elevation views, details, auxiliaries, and assembly drawings) as required;

SP2.03 - illustrate design solutions effectively using orthographic and pictorial techniques;

SP3.01 - evaluate the appropriateness of project solutions against design criteria.

Impact and Consequences

IC1.01 - describe how project solutions address efficiency and ergonomic issues, comparing proposed products or services to existing ones;

IC2.02 - explain how project solutions affect the environment.

Prior Knowledge & Skills

Students have experience with the design process as a way of developing solutions to design problems. A working knowledge of computer operations, such as word processing, creating graphics, printing, and file management, is required. Students have knowledge of CAD design software or manual drafting techniques and are familiar with computer usage regulations as defined at the local level.

Planning Notes

·         Design briefs are prepared in advance and clearly outline the purpose and parameters of the activity. A sample design brief is provided see Appendix 3.2.1 – Designing Retail Furniture.

·         The teacher ensures that students have access to a variety of resources, including access to the school library/resource centre and a computer lab equipped with Internet capabilities and CAD software. Manual drafting tools should be provided as an alternative.

·         The teacher could contact architectural and design firms as sources for trade magazines and catalogues.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   After having investigated the characteristics of various retail store fixtures in the previous activity, students apply their knowledge in the design of their own retail fixture. The teacher presents students with copies of Appendix 3.2.1 – Designing Retail Furniture and informs them of the expectations.

2.   Students may work in groups to develop a design or they may be required to develop their own designs.

3.   The teacher consults with the class on the product to design. Based on the activities in Unit 1 – Commercial Product Design and Unit 2 – Interior Designs, there are two options.

Option 1: Each student designs a store fixture to display the product developed in Unit 1. – Commercial Product Design. The result is a variety of designs for a fixture that displays the same product.

Option 2: Based on the interior design layout activity in Unit 2, students design the various fixtures throughout the store. Each fixture would display products in its own unique way while maintaining the overall look and feel of the retail store.

4.   Once the teacher and students have arrived at a decision, the teacher leads a discussion about trends in store fixture designs and materials. Results of a recent survey of retailers in North America have been provided to facilitate discussion and provide students with a clearer sense of user needs. See Things to Consider in (Appendix 3.2.1 – Designing Retail Furniture.)

5.   Students design the displays using manual-drafting techniques or the use of a CAD drawing program. The design should clearly indicate all required measurements and views.

6.   Students complete their designs in the time provided and present their ideas to the rest of the class. Students should be able to justify their design solutions clearly and intelligently. All designs are accompanied by a parts list and cost estimate for each part.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

·         Ongoing informal assessment of students’ effective use of class time is made.

·         Designs are evaluated according to the criteria outlined in (Appendix 3.2.1 – Designing Retail Furniture.)

Accommodations

·         Some students may want to incorporate electronics and/or mechanical motion devices in their displays. The teacher makes available the necessary resources.

Resources

Websites

Atlantic Store Décor Inc. – www.asd.ca
The largest manufacturer of custom retail fixtures in Atlantic Canada. Students can find examples of fixtures for clothing, sporting goods, bakery goods, retail gifts, and kiosks.

Great Brook Furniture – www.greatbrookfurniture.com
Designer and manufacturer of store fixtures, kiosks, display cabinets, point of sale counters, and institutional furniture.

Retail Source – www.retailsource.com
A large list of companies that provide furniture for retail design, construction, and visual merchandising.

www.exhibittechnology.com
A company that specializes in the design and construction of custom fixtures that meet specific user needs. Photos of unique displays of products are provided.

www.robertham.com/store_fixtures.htm
Store fixtures and wholesale store fixtures for retail stores, jewellery, clothing, and floral stores. Every fixture is pictured with a price.

Publications and Catalogues

AZURE Magazine (design, architecture, art). Azure Publishing Inc., 20 Maud St., Suite 200, PO BOX 15464, STN BRM B, Toronto, Ontario, M7Y 2W1

Display & Design Ideas Magazine (product news and design solutions for store planning and visual merchandising). Published by Bill Communications – Atlanta, 1115 Northmeadow Parkway, Roswell, GA 30076. www.ddimagazine.com

OBJEKT Living In Style Magazine (interior, architecture, art, and design). A publication of Hans Fonk Publications. Contact for Canada: OBJEKT, 450 Erb Street, Suite 117, Waterloo, Ontario, N2T 1H4.

VM+SD Visual Merchandising and Store Design Magazine. A publication of ST Publications Inc., 407 Gilbert Ave, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45202-2285. www.visualstore.com


Appendix 3.2.1

Designing Retail Furniture

 

Introduction

Over the years, the amount of time that has gone into the planning of a retail store has increased dramatically. Gone are the days of buying a storefront property, putting up some shelves and hanging a sign on the front door. In the past, most retailers relied on adult customers for the majority of their business. Today, retailers have recognized the new buying power of teenagers and have invested countless hours and financial resources to attract this new consumer. To do this, retailers have to develop an image with which their customers can associate. Retailers are now, more than ever, concerned about their image, and their stores clearly reflect that. They hire focus groups, interior designers, consultants and contractors to create this image and make it a reality. Retailers that fail to change their look often wind up closing their doors for business. Sometimes retailers have similar products, but what sets them apart is the way they present them to their prospective customers.

 

Objective

To design a unique and functional display fixture for a specific product that will be displayed prominently in a retail store.

Requirements

Evaluation

Detailed dimensioned drawing of fixture

 

Orthographic View

/25

Pictorial View

/25

Parts List (with dimensions)

/10

Cost Estimate (including labour)

/10

Assembly Instructions

/10

Product Data Sheet (highlighting features)

/20

Total

/100

 

Things to Consider

According to a recent survey of retailers in North America, retailers are looking for fixtures that are:

·         affordable – due to smaller budgets;

·         functional, flexible, and mobile;

·         cleaner, sleeker, and more modern;

·         higher in capacity (i.e., able to store more items);

·         less residential in feeling;

·         more ergonomic;

·         simplified and streamlined;

·         more detailed (with use of CAD);

·         stylish and brighter in colours;

·         easy to assemble;

·         universal (i.e., less brand specific);

·         electronic, but must have more usefulness;

·         easy to maintain.

.


Activity 3:  Scale Modelling

Time:  15 hours

Description

Students construct a scale model of the display fixture developed in the Activity 2 – Designing Store Fixture and Displays. Students safely use tools and machines throughout the construction process. The wise use of materials and their impact on the environment are considered. Students document the process so an estimate of costs of project materials and labour can be made. Students share their models with the rest of the class in the form of a presentation.

Strand(s) & Learning Expectations

Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations

CGE5a - work effectively as an interdependent team member;

CGE5b - think critically about the meaning and purpose of work;

CGE5e - respect the rights, responsibilities, and contributions of self and others;

CGE5g - achieve excellence, originality, and integrity in one’s own work and support these qualities in the work of others;

CGE7i - respect the environment and use resources wisely.

Strand(s):  Theory and Foundation, Skills and Processes, Impact and Consequences

Theory and Foundation

TFV.02 - evaluate the suitability of materials and methods of fabrication for a variety of products;

TF3.02 - identify design constraints for specific projects.

Skills and Processes

SPV.03 - prepare effective models, prototypes, and finished products;

SP1.03 - estimate the costs of project materials and labour;

SP1.04 - identify appropriate materials for models and finished products by analysing material characteristics and properties;

SP2.04 - build effective displays and product prototypes.

Impact and Consequences

ICV.03 - handle the tools and equipment used in technological design safely;

IC2.03 - evaluate the procedures used in processing materials, taking into consideration safety issues and environmental concerns.

Planning Notes

·         The teacher ensures that students have access to sufficient tools, machines, and materials to carry out the fabrication of their displays.

·         Students may require specific products that are unavailable in the school and for which a price list is required.

Teaching/Learning Strategies

1.   A range of materials can be used to fabricate the model. Materials are dependent on the available facilities and equipment. Options include woods, metals, acrylic, corrugated plastic, foam core, cardboard, paper mache, etc.

2.   The teacher reviews the technology lab safety policies and procedures with students. A discussion of the reasons for the policies and procedures may be required. The teacher introduces new techniques, procedures, and safety considerations as required (e.g., cabinet-making skills, welding metals, shaping acrylics, electrical wiring, etc.).

3.   Students must submit their design ideas and a materials list for the teacher’s approval before they begin construction. The teacher guides students to the completion of their projects, distributes materials and equipment, introduces new technologies, and demonstrates safe operation of tools and equipment. Students complete the fabrication of their store fixtures in the time provided.

4.   Upon completion of their display fixtures, students demonstrate how the fixtures would be used in a retail setting.

Assessment & Evaluation of Student Achievement

The focus of this activity is on the fabrication process. Students are assessed on their ability to work safely with tools and machinery, their final product, and their presentation to the class, according to a teacher designed assessment rubric. A design report is not required; however, students are required to keep a daily log to record their progress.

Accommodations

·         Students with physical disabilities may need to use some form of specialized material and/or equipment. Equipment may need to be adapted to allow students with physical needs full or partial use (consult the manufacturer’s manuals before making any modifications to any machine or tool). The teacher may need to assist these students in the safe operation of the equipment.

·         Where available and where applicable, provide specialized equipment such as:

·         electronic reading systems, which allow printed material to be scanned and, through the use of a voice synthesizer, the scanned text to be spoken aloud;

·         voice amplifiers, calling devices, or voice output technologies;

·         alternatives to mouse and keyboard input, such as scanning keyboards, overlays, single switch access, head mouse, voice recognition, software, peripherals, and the virtual reality mouse.

Resources

Gordon, J.E. The New Science of Strong Materials. Markham, Ontario: Penguin Books, 1978.
ISBN 0-306-80151-5

Groneman, Chris. General Woodworking. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., 1978.
ISBN 0-07-082763-X

Pender, James. Welding. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., 1986. ISBN 0-07-548953-8

Petruzella, Frank. Essentials of Electronics. New York: Glencoe McGraw Hill, 1999.
ISBN 0-07-821048-8

Petruzella, Frank. Introduction to Electricity & Electronics. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd., 1986. ISBN 0-07-548899-X

Umstattd, William. Modern Cabinetmaking. South Holland, Illinois: The Goodheart-Willcox Co., 1990. ISBN 0-87006-697-8

 

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